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Spatial–temporal heterogeneity in a small lake and its implication for paleoclimate reconstruction

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Abstract

Lakes provide continuous records of past regional and global climate. Most studies utilize single trench section dig from the lake shore margins or from single core in the central part/depocenter of the lakes for paleoclimate reconstruction. These reconstructions are based on the assumption of homogenous sedimentation across the lake. However, single core approach for paleoclimate reconstruction is often debated due to inter-site spatial and temporal variations in sedimentation and proxy responses. Therefore, in the present study, we explored the spatial–temporal heterogeneity in a small post-glacial lake of the Lahaul Himalaya and its influence on paleoclimate reconstruction. The depocenter of lake received ~ 2.5 times higher average sedimentation compared to the shore margin. Despite the distinct sedimentation rate in depocenter and shore margin, environmental magnetic and total organic carbon (TOC) records showed similar environmental signals over equivalent time periods. The depocenter core provided high-resolution lacustrine environment, whereas the marginal trench recorded major shifts in paleoclimate over a longer time scale. New multi-proxy data showed strengthened Indian summer monsoon (ISM) during medieval climate anomaly (MCA) and weakened ISM during little ice age (LIA) in the NW Himalaya.

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All the data reported in the research article are provided in the manuscript and supplementary files.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Director, Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology and Head, Department of Geology, University of Pune for providing necessary working facilities. We acknowledge Dr. NR Phadtare for his help during the field work and Dr. PP Khanna and Dr. Shailesh Aggarwal for their help in geochemical measurements. We are thankful to Dr. Yogesh Kulkarni (GIT, India) and Mr. Saurabh Singh (JNU, India) for map preparation and discussion. We thank two anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments which helped in improving the overall quality and clarity of the paper. We also thank Editors Prof. Ichiro Tayasu and Jorge García Molinos for careful handling of the manuscript.

Funding

SR and SJS acknowledge Department of Science and Technology (DST), India project grant (SR/S4/ES-130/2004). SR acknowledges DST, India project grant ECR/2017/001046. AKG acknowledges J.C. Bose fellowship (SR/S2/JCB-80/2011). SJS acknowledges DST-FIST grant SR/FST/ESII-101/2010. PS is supported by Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) project 2019/11364-0 and LJ by FAPESP project 2016/24946-9.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, 33 G.M.S. Road, Dehradun, 248 001, India

    Suman Rawat

  2. Department of Geology and Geophysics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, 721302, India

    Anil K. Gupta

  3. Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, Praça do Oceanográfico, 191, São Paulo, 05508-120, Brazil

    Priyeshu Srivastava & Luigi Jovane

  4. Department of Geology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411 007, India

    S. J. Sangode

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  1. Suman Rawat
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  2. Anil K. Gupta
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  3. Priyeshu Srivastava
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  4. S. J. Sangode
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  5. Luigi Jovane
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Contributions

Conceptualization: SR, AKG and PS; sampling: SR and SJS; data curation: SR and PS; formal analysis: SR and PS; interpretation: PS, SR, AKG, LJ and SJS; writing—original draft: PS, SR, AKG and SJS; writing—review and editing: PS, SR and LJ.

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Correspondence to Suman Rawat.

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Handling Editor: Jorge García Molinos.

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Rawat, S., Gupta, A.K., Srivastava, P. et al. Spatial–temporal heterogeneity in a small lake and its implication for paleoclimate reconstruction. Limnology 23, 17–35 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10201-021-00669-9

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