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Rheological, mechanical, thermal, tribological and morphological properties of PLA-PEKK-HAp-CS composite

PLA-PEKK-HAp-CS 复合材料的流变学, 力学, 热学, 摩擦学和形态学性能

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Abstract

The present study reports investigations on rheological, mechanical, thermal, tribological and morphological properties of feedstock filaments prepared with polylactic acid-polyether ketone ketone-hydroxyapatite-chitosan (PLA-PEKK-HAp-CS) composite for 3D printing of functional prototypes. The study consists of a series of melt processing operations on melt flow index (MFI) setup as per ASTM D-1238 for melt flow certainty followed by fixation of reinforcement composition/proportion as 94%PEKK-4%HAp-2%CS (B) by mass in PLA matrix (A). The blending of reinforcement and preparation of feedstock filament for fused deposition modeling (FDM) set up has been performed on commercial twin screw extruder (TSE). The results of study suggest that feedstock filaments prepared with blend of 95%A–5%B (by mass) at 200 °C processing temperature and 100 r/min rotational speed on TSE resulted into better tensile properties (35.9 MPa peak strength and 32.3 MPa break strength) with 6.24% surface porosity, 42.67 nm surface roughness (Ra) and acceptable heat capacity (2.14 J/g). However as regards to tribological behavior, the minimum wear of 316 µmwas observed for sample with poor tensile properties. As regards to crash application for scaffolds the maximum toughness of 1.16 MPa was observed for 85%A–15%B (by mass) at 200 °C processing temperature and 150 r/min rotational speed on TSE.

摘要

本文研究了用于3D 打印的功能材料, PLA-PEKK-HAp-CS 复合材料的流变学, 力学, 热力学, 摩擦学和形态学性能。基于STM D-1238 标准对流变性能指的要求, 确定94%PEKK-4%Hap-2%CS 作 为添加材料, 设计了熔体流动指数(MFI)装置, 进行了一系列熔化处理试验, 然后按一定的质量比将 PEKK94%-4%Hap-2%CS(B)与PLA(A)混合。原料丝的强化和制备的混合熔融沉积成型(FDM)在双 螺杆挤出机(TSE)上完成。结果表明, 原料丝在95%A-5%B 的质量比混合下, 在200 °C 处理温度和 100 r/min 转速时具备更好的拉伸性能, 峰值强度为35.9 MPa, 断裂强度为32.3 MPa, 表面孔隙度为 6.24%, 表面粗糙度(Ra)为42.67 nm, 可接受热容为2.14 J/g。而最小磨损为316 μm 时的样品拉伸性 能较差, 在200 °C 处理温度, 150 r/min 的转速和85%A-15%B 的质量比时, 样品丝的最大韧性模量 为1.16 MPa。

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Acknowledgement

The authors are highly thankful to Guru Nanak at Dev Engg. College, Ludhiana (GNDEC) and SERB (File No. IMRC/AISTDF/R&D/P-10/2017) for providing financial/technical assistance to carry out the research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Production Engineering, Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Ludhiana, 141106, India

    Singh Gurchetan, Kumar Ranvijay & Singh Rupinder

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University Center for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, India

    Kumar Ranvijay

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technical Teachers Training and Research, Chandigarh, 160019, India

    Singh Rupinder

  4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pahang, 26600, Malaysia

    Rahman Md Mustafizur

  5. Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 119077, Singapore, Singapore

    Ramakrishna Seeram

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  1. Singh Gurchetan
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  2. Kumar Ranvijay
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Correspondence to Singh Rupinder.

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Contributors

The overarching research goals were developed by RUPINDER Singh, MD MUSTAFIZUR Rehman and SEERAM Ramakrishna. GURCHETAN Singh and RANVIJAY Kumar provided the experimental data, and analyzed the measured data. RANVIJAY Kumar and RUPINDER Singh established the models and calculated the predicted results. The initial draft of the manuscript was written by GURCHETAN Singh, RANVIJAY Kumar and RUPINDER Singh. All authors replied to reviewers’ comments and revised the final version.

Conflict of interest

GURCHETAN Singh, RANVIJAY Kumar, RUPINDER Singh, MD MUSTAFIZUR Rahman, SEERAM Ramakrishna declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Gurchetan, S., Ranvijay, K., Rupinder, S. et al. Rheological, mechanical, thermal, tribological and morphological properties of PLA-PEKK-HAp-CS composite. J. Cent. South Univ. 28, 1615–1626 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-021-4721-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-021-4721-y

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