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Species mixing effect on Norway spruce response to elevated CO2 and climatic variables: root and radial growth response

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Abstract

A 7-year study was conducted to examine the growth (diameter and root) response of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) seedlings to elevated CO2 (CO2ELV, 770 μmol (CO2) mol−1) in different mixture types (monospecific (M): a Norway spruce seedling surrounded by six spruce seedlings, group-admixture (G): a spruce seedling surrounded by three spruce and three European beech seedlings, single-admixture (S): a spruce seedling surrounded by six beech seedlings). After seven years of treatments, no significant effect from elevated CO2 was found on the root dry mass (p = 0.90) and radial growth (p = 0.98) of Norway spruce. Neither did we find a significant interaction between [CO2] × mixing treatments (p = 0.56), i.e. there was not a significant effect of CO2 concentrations [CO2] in all the admixture types. On the contrary, spruce responses to admixture treatments were significant under CO2AMB (p = 0.05), which demonstrated that spruce mainly increased its growth (diameter and root) in M and neighbouring with beech was not favourable for spruce seedlings. In particular, spruce growth diminished when growing beside high proportions/numbers of European beech (S). Here, we also evaluated the association between tree-ring formation and climatic variables (precipitation and air temperature) in different admixture types under elevated and ambient CO2 (CO2AMB, 385 μmol (CO2) mol−1). Overall, our result suggests that spruce responses to climate factors can be affected by tree species mixing and CO2 concentrations, i.e. the interaction between climatic variables × admixture types × [CO2] could alter the response of spruce to climatic variables.

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Acknowledgements

This publication is an output of the CzechGlobe Centre that is being developed within the OP RDI and co-financed from EU funds and the State Budget of the Czech Republic (Project: CzechGlobe, Reg. No. CZ.1.05/1.1.00/02.0073). The authors are grateful for the financial support also by a grant under COST EumixFor no. COST CZ LD 14063” Effect of the mixture on stand tree species composition, structure, and biomass“.

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  1. Global Change Research Institute Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v. v. i. Bělidla 986/4a, 603 00, Brno, Czech Republic

    Aysan Badraghi & Michal V. Marek

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  1. Aysan Badraghi
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  2. Michal V. Marek
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AB data collection, analyses and developed the concept of the manuscript, revised and wrote the manuscript; MMV designed and performed the experimental work, data collection, and revised manuscript.

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Correspondence to Aysan Badraghi.

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Communicated by Miren del Rio.

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Badraghi, A., Marek, M.V. Species mixing effect on Norway spruce response to elevated CO2 and climatic variables: root and radial growth response. Eur J Forest Res 140, 1363–1376 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-021-01405-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-021-01405-9

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