Abstract
Research has shown the occurrence of the hormesis effect in some upland rice cultures resulting from low-dose application of glyphosate. Glyphosate herbicide is widely used in Brazilian agriculture for controlling the large quantity of weeds. The aim of this work was to verify the effects of low-dose application of glyphosate herbicide on agronomic characteristics in upland rice. The experimental design used was randomized blocks comprising five low-dose applications of glyphosate herbicide (10, 20, 40, 70, and 100 g acid equivalent [a.e.] ha−1) and the control, in two stages of development of the rice culture (tillering [V4] and floral differentiation [R1]) with four repetitions. The agronomic traits of upland rice were evaluated. Data were subjected to variance analysis, polynomial regression analysis for the quantitative factor, and Tukey’s test for the qualitative factor at p < 0.05. The grain yield and the number of spikelets per panicle increased with the application of 10 g a.e. ha−1 of glyphosate at the floral differentiation stage. Until the low dose of 75 g a.e. ha−1, there was an increase in the number of panicles. Low doses between 70 and 100 g a.e. ha−1 applied in R1 provided less spikelets per panicle, lower 100-grain weight, and lower grain yield. The leaf flavonoid content increased due to the increase in the low doses of glyphosate herbicide.
Zusammenfassung
Untersuchungen zeigen das Auftreten des Hormesis-Effekts in einigen Kulturen, der durch die Anwendung von Glyphosat in niedrigen Dosen entsteht. Das Herbizid Glyphosat wird in der brasilianischen Landwirtschaft häufig zur Bekämpfung von Unkräutern eingesetzt. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es, die Auswirkungen einer niedrig dosierten Anwendung des Herbizids Glyphosat auf agronomische Eigenschaften von Hochlandreis zu überprüfen. Der verwendete Versuchsplan war ein randomisierter Blockversuch und bestand aus 5 niedrig dosierten Glyphosat-Herbizidanwendungen (10, 20, 40, 70 und 100 g Säureäquivalent [a.e.] ha−1) und der Kontrolle – in 2 Entwicklungsstadien der Reiskultur (Bestockung [V4] und Blütendifferenzierung [R1]), mit 4 Wiederholungen. Die agronomischen Merkmale von Hochlandreis wurden ausgewertet. Die Daten wurden einer Varianzanalyse und anschließend einer polynomialen Regressionsanalyse für den quantitativen Faktor und dem Tukey-Test für den qualitativen Faktor bei p < 0,05 unterzogen. Der Kornertrag und die Anzahl der Ährchen pro Rispe nahmen mit der Anwendung von 10 g a.e. ha−1 Glyphosat im Stadium der Blütendifferenzierung zu. Bis zur niedrigen Dosis von 75 g a.e. ha−1 kam es zu einem Anstieg der Rispenanzahl. Niedrige Dosen zwischen 70 und 100 g a.e. ha−1, die in R1 appliziert wurden, führten zu weniger Ährchen pro Rispe, einem geringeren 100-Korn-Gewicht und Kornertrag. Der Gehalt an Blattflavonoiden stieg durch die Erhöhung der niedrigen Glyphosatdosen.
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This work was funded by the FAPESP. Process: 2012/13317‑0.
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S. Ferrari, L. Marsala, and M. Luís Oliveira Cunha declare that they have no competing interests.
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Ferrari, S., Marsala, L. & Luís Oliveira Cunha, M. Effects of Low Doses of Glyphosate on Agronomic Traits of Upland Rice. Gesunde Pflanzen 73, 533–539 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-021-00573-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-021-00573-3