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Exosomal noncoding RNAs: key players in glioblastoma drug resistance

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Abstract

Glioma, as one of the most severe human malignancies, is defined as the Central Nervous System’s (CNS) tumors. Glioblastoma (GBM) in this regard, is the most malignant type of gliomas. There are multiple therapeutic strategies to cure GBM, for which chemotherapy is often the first-line treatment. Still, various cellular processes, such as uncontrolled proliferation, invasion and metastasis, may disturb the treatment efficacy. Drug resistance is another process in this way, which can also cause undesirable effects. Thereupon, identifying the mechanisms, involved in developing drug resistance and the relevant mechanisms can be very helpful in GBM management. The discovery of exosomal non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), RNA molecules that can be transferred between the cells and different tissues using the exosomes, was a milestone in this regard. It has been revealed that the key exosomal ncRNAs, including circular RNAs, microRNAs, and long ncRNAs, are able to modulate GBM drug resistance through different signaling pathways or by affecting regulatory proteins and their corresponding genes. Nowadays, researchers are trying to overcome the limitations of chemotherapy by targeting these RNA molecules. Accordingly, this review aims to clarify the substantial roles of exosomal ncRNAs in GBM drug resistance and involved mechanisms.

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Author notes

  1. Ahmad Movahedpour and Seyyed Hossein Khatam have contributed equally to this work as co-authors.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

    Ahmad Movahedpour, Amir Savardashtaki, Seyedeh Habibeh Mirmajidi & Mortaza Taheri-Anganeh

  2. Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

    Ahmad Movahedpour

  3. Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Seyyed Hossein Khatami

  4. Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

    Marjan Khorsand

  5. Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Mahsa Salehi & Babak Negahdari

  6. Department of Radio-oncology, Namazi Teaching Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

    Nezhat Khanjani

  7. Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, UK

    Parisa Naeli

  8. Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

    Omid Vakili

  9. Epilepsy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

    Amir Savardashtaki

  10. Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran

    Mortaza Taheri-Anganeh

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  1. Ahmad Movahedpour
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Contributions

The authors confirm contribution to the paper as follows: study conception and design: AM, AS; data collection: MK, MS; analysis and interpretation of results: SHM, BN, NK, PN; draft manuscript preparation: OV, MT.

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Correspondence to Omid Vakili or Mortaza Taheri-Anganeh.

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Movahedpour, A., Khatami, S.H., Khorsand, M. et al. Exosomal noncoding RNAs: key players in glioblastoma drug resistance. Mol Cell Biochem 476, 4081–4092 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-021-04221-2

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