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Delineating the Influence of Erosion and Accretion to Identify the Vulnerable Zone of Embankment Breaching in Gosaba Island, South 24 Parganas, West Bengal, India

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Abstract

This study aims to assess the vulnerable zone of embankment breaching in Gosaba Island using geospatial and quantitative techniques. In this study, multi-temporal Landsat data from 1972 to 2017 were used for delineating shoreline change rate, net shoreline movement (NSM), erosion and accretion area and net areal change for each Gram Panchayats (GP) of the island. The shoreline change rate was calculated using end point rate (EPR) for each GP, and the uncertainty of the shoreline change rate was adjusted by measuring the positional error (± 3.58 m yr−1). Near about, 704.39 ha of lands in Gosaba Island was highly erosion-prone and almost 303.33 ha of lands was completely washed out in the last 45 years. Gosaba (63.35 ha), Kumirmari (58.09 ha), Bally I (66.82 ha), Bally II (16.29 ha), Lahiripur (51.80 ha) and Satjelia GP (52.98 ha) were facing intensive land loss during 1972–2017. For validation of the result, a rigorous field survey during 2017–2018 was conducted and different forms of riverbank erosion were identified and presented in this study. Besides, GP-wise coastal vulnerability was delineated using three parameters, such as EPR, NSM and area under erosion. The statistical analysis revealed that the southern and eastern parts were highly vulnerable to coastal erosion as compared to the northern part of the island. The temporal tidal fluctuations of Sundarbans’ rivers also influence the intensity of coastal erosion. Therefore, the construction and management of embankment in this part of the island is highly challenging and needs a proper strategic framework for the longevity of the embankment. The present research work also suggests some planning measures for the protection of embankments. This research study may help to understand the degree of spatial vulnerability of Gosaba Island to erosion hazards and also encourage coastal planners for strategic planning of coastal zone management and its implementation for better resilience of the island against environmental extremes.

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Source: Field survey—December, 2017)

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Acknowledgements

The first author is thankful to UGC, New Delhi, India, for providing fellowship to carry out this research study. This work is a part of the M. Phil research work and submitted to the University of Burdwan. We express our heartiest thanks to the US Geological Survey (USGS) for providing free access to satellite data. Authors are highly indebted to anonymous reviewers and respected editors for their thoughtful suggestions and constructive ideas which are very helpful to improve the standard of the manuscript.

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  1. Department of Geography, The University of Burdwan, Bardhaman, West Bengal, 713104, India

    Soumen Ghosh & Biswaranjan Mistri

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Ghosh, S., Mistri, B. Delineating the Influence of Erosion and Accretion to Identify the Vulnerable Zone of Embankment Breaching in Gosaba Island, South 24 Parganas, West Bengal, India. J Indian Soc Remote Sens 49, 2559–2574 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12524-021-01409-3

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