Abstract
It is necessary to better understand the dynamic process of solar differential rotation. Here the hand-drawing sunspot group records from 1958 to 2015 of Yunnan Observatories (YNAO) are used to study the solar rotation profile. Firstly, the rotation profile in each solar cycle 19-23 is calculated. Secondly, the rotation parameters (equatorial rotation velocity A and differential gradient B) of YNAO are compared with the well-known earlier results. Finally, the rotation parameters in the northern and southern hemispheres during each solar cycle 19-23 are summarized. The main conclusions we reached are as follows: (1) The average difference of the equatorial rotation velocity and differential gradient, between YNAO sunspot and other sunspot datasets, are 0.09 and 0.4, respectively. (2) The magnitudes of the gradient B in the northern hemisphere are larger than that in the southern hemisphere at even-number cycles, and it will approximately reverse at odd-number cycles.
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Acknowledgements
This work is sponsored by Research Fund for Excellent Dissertation of China Three Gorges University - 2020SSPY138, the 13th Five-year Informatization Plan of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XXH13505 C 04), National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos U1731124, U1531247, U2031202, 11427901 and 11873089), the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS, and the special foundation work of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Grant No. 2014FY120300). The hand-drawing sunspot data used in this work are provided by the Yunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
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Luo, XY., Peng, Y., Zheng, S. et al. Chinese sunspot drawings and their digitization − (IV) differential rotation profile determined from hand-drawing records. J Astrophys Astron 42, 75 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12036-021-09766-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12036-021-09766-8