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A plant fossil assemblage of Lycopodiopsis cf. derbyi from the Corumbataí Formation, Paraná Basin, São Paulo State, Brazil

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Abstract

The Permian lycopsid Lycopodiopsis derbyi Renault, 1890 (Lemoigne and Brown 1980) Faria et al. (2009) is an abundant plant that inhabited the margins of the Paraná Basin under semi-arid and sometimes hypersaline environmental conditions of late Permian. Here we study a remarkable and unprecedented assemblage, with stems attributed to Lycopodiopsis cf. derbyi Renault preserved in an outcrop in the Rio Claro municipality, São Paulo State, Brazil. The stems are preserved in the north-south orientation, spreading over a wide area with a massive concentration of overlapping specimens, thus forming a monospecific plant fossil assemblage. The stems are unbranched or dichotomously branching, preserved as compression-impressions and cast. In the preserved assemblage, there are records of at least three different cortical levels which may be associated with Lycopodiopsis cf. derbyi. This record is possibly non-selective. Lycopodiopsis cf. derbyi commonly occurs in the Passa Dois Group, indicating it was an important component of the southwestern Gondwana coastal floodplains flora, which today constitutes São Paulo State and Southern Brazil.

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Acknowledgements

We are thankful to the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) for the grant for the Master’s degree awarded to Thaís Silvana de Carvalho and for the grant for the Doctorate awarded to P.V.B. and the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) in Brazil for the Doctorate grant awarded to M. Sc. Bernardo de Campos Pimenta e Marques Peixoto [n° 141220/2018-0], and the research grants [n° 303527/2017-0]. We would like to thank Dr. Luciana Bueno dos Reis Fernandes, biologist of DEBE/UFSCar, for taking the SEM/EDS and stereomicroscope images and for image editing; Prof. Dr. Angélica Maria Penteado Martins Dias, Head of the Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia dos Hymenoptera Parasitoides da Região Sudeste Brasileira (INCT Hympar Sudeste – Processo FAPESP 2008/57949-4 and CNPq 573802/2008-4) for allowing us to use the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and stereo microscope; Isabela Jurigan for help with drawing the occurrence map; and Dr. Jorge Moura de Jesus and M.Sc. Carolina Santa Isabel Nascimento and other members of the Laboratório de Paleoecologia e Paleoicnologia for the help during the fieldwork and Jane Godwin Coury for reviewing the English. The authors are also grateful for the suggestions and improvements made to the text by Prof. Dieter Uhl and the anonymous reviewer.

Funding

This study was funded by Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq).

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  1. Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luiz, KM 235, São Carlos, SP, CEP 13565-905, Brazil

    Thaís Silvana de Carvalho, Bernardo de Campos Pimenta e Marques Peixoto & Pedro Victor Buck

  2. Laboratório de Paleoecologia e Paleoicnologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luiz, KM 235, São Carlos, SP, CEP 13565-905, Brazil

    Marcelo Adorna Fernandes, Aline Marcele Ghilardi & Bernardo de Campos Pimenta e Marques Peixoto

  3. Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Rua João Pandiá Calógeras, 51, Barão Geraldo, Campinas, SP, CEP 13083-97070, Brazil

    Frésia Ricardi-Branco & Tito Aureliano

  4. Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais Unidade Ituiutaba, Rua Ver. Geraldo Moisés da Silva, s/n - Universitário, Ituiutaba, MG, CEP 38302-192, Brazil

    Pedro Victor Buck

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de Carvalho, T.S., Fernandes, M.A., Ricardi-Branco, F. et al. A plant fossil assemblage of Lycopodiopsis cf. derbyi from the Corumbataí Formation, Paraná Basin, São Paulo State, Brazil. Palaeobio Palaeoenv 102, 41–57 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12549-020-00477-6

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