Abstract
Numerical studies have been performed to analyze the fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics of nine microchannel heat sinks (MCHS) with different shapes and different arrangements of the ribs and cavities on the sidewalls, using three common shapes (square, triangle, and circular) of ribs or cavities as the basic structure in this work. The boundary conditions, governing equations, friction factor (f), Nusselt number (Nu), and performance evaluation criteria (ξ) were considered to determine which design was the best in terms of the heat transfer, the pressure drop, and the overall performance. It was observed that no matter how the circular ribs or cavities were arranged, its heat sink performance was better than the other two shapes for Reynolds number of 200–1000. Therefore, circular ribs or cavities can be considered as the best structure to improve the performance of MCHS. In addition, the heat sink performance of the microchannel heat sink with symmetrical circular ribs (MCHS-SCR) was improved by 31.2 % compared with the conventional microchannel heat sink at Re = 667. This was because in addition to the formation of transverse vortices in the channel, four symmetrical and reverse longitudinal vortices are formed to improve the mixing efficiency of the central fluid (low temperature) and the near-wall fluid (high temperature). Then, as the Reynolds number increases, the heat sink performance of MCHS-SCR dropped sharply. The heat sink performance of microchannel heat sinks with staggered ribs and cavities (MCHS-SCRC, MCHS-STRC, and MCHS-SSRC) exceeded that of MCHS-SCR. This indicated that the microchannel heat sink with staggered ribs and cavities was more suitable for high Reynolds number (Re > 800).
Funding source: National Key Research and Development Program of China
Award Identifier / Grant number: 2019YFA0905800
Funding source: National Natural Science Foundation of China
Award Identifier / Grant number: U1505243
Funding source: Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province
Award Identifier / Grant number: 20192ACBL20046
Funding source: Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
Award Identifier / Grant number: 20720200004
Funding statement: This research was funded by The National Key Research and Development Program of China (2019YFA0905800), National Natural Science Foundation of China (U1505243), Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province (20192ACBL20046), the Key Project of College Youth Natural Fund of Fujian Province (JZ160404), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (20720200004), and Qinghai Province of China (2017-ZJ-750).
Acknowledgment
We thank Yibo Zeng (Senior Engineer, Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University) for his feedback.
Conflict of interest: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
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