Skip to main content
Log in

Evaluation of the purification process of Croton tiglium L. seeds by chromatographic methods

  • Original Research Paper
  • Published:
JPC – Journal of Planar Chromatography – Modern TLC Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Croton tiglium L. belongs to the family Euphorbiaceae, distributed mainly in countries like India and China. The seeds of C. tiglium in raw form exert toxic effects, and the purified seeds are used in medicinal formulations, especially in Ayurveda. The present study is aimed to evaluate the chemical changes of raw and purified samples of C. tiglium seeds using chromatographic techniques such as high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). HPTLC profiles of various extracts of raw and purified samples were developed to evaluate the chemical changes occurring during the purification process. Different extracts of raw and purified samples were screened using different derivatizing reagents to understand the nature of chemical compounds. HPLC technique was also employed for the comparative evaluation of various extracts. The phenolic and flavonoids contents of the purified sample were found to be less when compared to those of the raw sample. The HPTLC profiling of various extracts showed fractional removal of some acidic compounds, steroids, terpenoids, phorbol esters and coumarins in the purified sample. The chromatographic profiling of different extracts also exposed the differences in the chemical constituents of raw and purified samples. Removal of certain acidic compounds and phorbol esters was confirmed also by HPLC. The present study is the first attempt to monitor the chemical changes occurring during the purification process of C. tiglium seed using HPTLC, and the result indicated that purification imparted the chemical changes to certain chemical constituents.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability and material

Data is available from the corresponding author.

References

  1. Udayan PS, Indira B (2009) Medicinal plants of Arya vaidya sala herb garden. Department of publication. AVS, Kottakal, pp 309

  2. Rastogi P, Mehrothra BN (1976) A compendium on Indian medicinal plants. 2nd edn. Central Drug Research Institute/National Institute of Science Communication, Lucknow/New Delhi, 191, pp 571

  3. Solatino A, Maria L, Negri G (2007) Traditional uses, chemistry and pharmacology of Croton species (Euphorbaceae). J Braz Chem Soc 18:11–33

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Pal PK, Nandi MK, Singh N (2014) Detoxification of Croton tiglium L. seeds by Ayurvedhic process of sodhana. Anc Sci Life 33:157–161

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  5. Maurya SK, Seth A, Laloo D, Singh NK, Gautam DN, Singh AK (2015) Śodhana: an Ayurvedic process for detoxification and modification of therapeutic activities of poisonous medicinal plants. Anc Sci Life 34:188–197

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Harborne JB (1973) Phytochemical methods. Guide techniques of plant analysis. Chapman and Hall Ltd, London, pp 3–10

    Google Scholar 

  7. Deepak M, Sulaiman CT, Balachandran I, Subhashchandran KP (2019) Isolation, characterization and high-performance thin-layer chromatographic quantification of active xanthonoid mangiferin from Canscora perfoliata. J Planar Chromatogr 32:231–235

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Hass W, Mittelbach M (2000) Detoxification experiments with the seed oil from Jatropha curcas L. Ind Crops Prod 12:111–118

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Saetae D, Suntornsuk W (2010) Antifungal activities of ethanolic extract from Jatropha curcas seed cake. J Microbiol Biotechnol 20:319–324

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Kobayashi M, Yanaka N, Nagasawa T, Yamada H (1990) Purification and characterization of a novel nitrilase of Rhodococcus rhodochrous K22 that acts on aliphatic nitriles. J Bacteriol 172:4807–4815

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Singleton VL, Rossi JA (1965) Colorimetry of total phenolics with phosphomolybdic-phosphotungstic acid reagents. Am J Enol Vitic 1:144–158

    Google Scholar 

  12. Zhinshen J, Mengcheng T, Jianming W (1999) The determination of flavonoid contents in mulberry and their scavenging effects on superoxide radicals. Food chem 64:555–559

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Hussain MI, Syed QA, Khattak MNK, Hafez B, Reigosa MJ, El-Keblawy A (2019) A Natural product coumarins: biological and pharmacological perspectives. Biologia 74:863–888

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Sulaiman CT, Deepak M, Balachandran I (2018) Spectrophotometric and tandem mass spectroscopic analysis of Indian borage (Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng.) for its polyphenolics characterization. Beni-Suef Univ J Basic Appl Sci 7:471–473

    Google Scholar 

  15. Sulaiman CT, Gopalakrishnan VK, Balachandran I (2014) Chromatographic and spectrophotometric studies in selected Acacia species. J Planar Chromatogr 27:88–92

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to Navajbai Ratan Tata Trust Mumbai for the financial assistance.

Funding

This work was financially supported by Navajbai Ratan Tata Trust, Mumbai, India (Grand Number: RLC-PPP-AVS-20150930).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Contributions

DPM and DP performed the analysis, SCT designed the study, and IB edited the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mundengara Deepak.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

Authors declare no conflict of interest.

Consent for publication

All others are permitted to submit the manuscript.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Deepak, M., Divya, P., Sulaiman, C. et al. Evaluation of the purification process of Croton tiglium L. seeds by chromatographic methods. JPC-J Planar Chromat 34, 345–351 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00764-021-00111-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00764-021-00111-x

Keywords

Navigation