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Prevention of motile Aeromonas septicemia in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, using thyme essential oil and its nano-emlusion

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Abstract

Nanotechnology has become an important tool for fish disease prevention and treatment. The current study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of dietary thyme essential oil (TEO) and its nano-emulsion (TEO-NE) for motile Aeromonas septicemia prevention (MAS) in Oreochromis niloticus after in vitro evaluation. Aeromonas hydrophila was isolated from naturally diseased Oreochromis niloticus and Clarias gariepinus showed signs of septicemia and congestion of internal organs. Prevalence of MAS among diseased O. niloticus and C. gariepinus was 86.9 and 44.4%, respectively. The obtained isolates were identified as Aeromonas hydrophila by molecular assay and found to be highly pathogenic as they contained hemolysin and cytotoxic enterotoxin virulence genes. Experimental infection and medial lethal concentration were performed and it was 1.5 × 104. TEO-NE was synthesized by ultrasonication and characterized by TEM, ATR-FTIR, and zeta potential. The antibacterial activity of TEO-NE was noticed at the least concentration during in vitro evaluation. TEO-NE succeeded in preventing MAS in dietary fed O. niloticus with no mortality compared to 10 and 80% O. niloticus groups fed TEO and positive control group, respectively. Dietary TEO-NE induced significant increase in IgM, IL-1β, and lysozyme. Liver and kidney functions were within the normal levels in groups fed TEO and TEO-NE.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt

    Hala Sayed Hassan Salam & Walaa M. S. Mohamed

  2. Department of Hygiene, Zoonoses and Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt

    Sahar Abdel Aleem Abdel Aziz & Asmaa N. Mohammed

  3. Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt

    Fatma M. M. Korni

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  1. Hala Sayed Hassan Salam
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  2. Walaa M. S. Mohamed
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  3. Sahar Abdel Aleem Abdel Aziz
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  4. Asmaa N. Mohammed
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  5. Fatma M. M. Korni
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Contributions

Hala Sayed Hassan Salam, Fatma M. M. Korni, Sahar Abdel Aleem Abdel Aziz, and Asmaa N. Mohammed: perform experimental scheme, writing - review and editing. Walaa M. S. Mohamed: bacterial isolation and identification, writing - review and editing.

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Correspondence to Fatma M. M. Korni.

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All experiments were approved by the Beni-Suef Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (BSU-IACUC) of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Egypt.

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Salam, H.S.H., Mohamed, W.M.S., Aziz, S.A.A.A. et al. Prevention of motile Aeromonas septicemia in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, using thyme essential oil and its nano-emlusion. Aquacult Int 29, 2065–2084 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-021-00735-0

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