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When the adaptive value of intraguild predation between an indigenous and an invasive ladybeetle is altered by an insecticide

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Abstract

The multicolored Asian ladybeetle, Harmonia axyridis Pallas (Col, Coccinellidae), is recognized as one of the most invasive insects in the world. It has reduced the native coccinellids populations in several areas, and it is considered a threat for biodiversity at large. A significant trait, favoring its invasiveness and its dominance over indigenous ladybeetles, is intraguild predation (IGP). IGP has advantageous adaptive value for individuals: removing competitors and potential predators, and providing an alternative nutritive resource when main resources are scarce. IGP can be affected by several factors, but little is known about the effect of pesticides on this behavior. Previous research demonstrated that the invasive Asian ladybeetle is highly susceptible to the reduced-risk insecticide novaluron, a chitin synthesis inhibitor, whereas the North American indigenous competitor, Coleomegilla maculata DeGeer (Col, Coccinellidae), is not. Our study explores the adaptive value of IGP for each of the two coccinellids after preying on each other’s larvae, which were previously treated with insecticide. Our first hypothesis is that the invasive ladybeetle, susceptible to the insecticide, should lose the adaptive value of IGP. Our second hypothesis is that the adaptive value of IGP for the invasive predator will recover over time, because of neutralization of the insecticide by the intraguild prey. The results confirm both hypotheses and show that an insecticide can completely remove the adaptive value of IGP for the invader, while the adaptive value of IGP does not change for the indigenous ladybeetle. Moreover, the study demonstrates that if the intraguild prey (non-susceptible to the insecticide) undergoes molt after being exposed to the insecticide, the adaptive value for the intraguild predator is restored.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Jill Vandermeerschen for her advice with statistics, Franz Vanoosthuyse for technical support, and Chloé Savoie, Maryse Pelletier, Mathieu Lemieux, and Marie Elen Dupuis for assisting with ladybeetle bioassays. We also thank Nathan Morris for the revision of the English version.

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  1. Laboratoire de Lutte Biologique, Département de Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, 141 Avenue du Président-Kennedy, Montréal, Québec, Canada

    Paula Cabrera, Marianne Bessette, Vanessa Cruz & Eric Lucas

  2. Institut de Recherche et de Développement en Agroenvironnement, 335 rang des Vingt-Cinq Est, Saint-Bruno-de-Montarville, Québec, Canada

    Daniel Cormier

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  1. Paula Cabrera
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Correspondence to Paula Cabrera.

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Cabrera, P., Cormier, D., Bessette, M. et al. When the adaptive value of intraguild predation between an indigenous and an invasive ladybeetle is altered by an insecticide. J Pest Sci 95, 797–810 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-021-01404-0

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