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Heavy Metal Concentrations in Cynoglossus arel (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) and Sediment in the Chabahar Bay, Iran

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Abstract

Metal contamination is one of the crucial global problems in aquatic ecosystems that can be hazardous for public health. Due to the living of the benthic fish like large-scale tongue sole (Cynoglossus arel) on the seafloor, toxicants are more accumulated in their bodies. Therefore, the accumulation of some heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, and Zn) was determined in the edible tissues of this fish species captured from Chabahar Bay located in the northern shores of the Gulf of Oman, as well as in the sediment of their environment. For this purpose, thirty fish samples and sediment from five stations were collected during wet and dry seasons. The preparation of samples was done based on standard procedures, and the concentration of metals was measured by a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Besides conventional statistical analysis, Muller's index (Igeo) for the classification of contamination and the biota–sediment accumulation factor (BSAF) were calculated. Results showed that the sediment of Chabahar Bay was classified as moderately contaminated in terms of Ni (Igeo = 1.271) and Pb (Igeo = 1.019). A significant correlation was found between the levels of Ni (18.1 µg∙g−1) in sediments and bio-concentration of Cu (4.85 µg∙g−1), Ni, (0.591 µg∙g−1) and Pb (1.2 µg∙g−1) in fish tissues (p < 0.05). In conclusion, Pb content accumulated in fish or sediment was the most important from the health view.

Highlights

  • The measured Cd and Cu in the sediments of the western cape in winter was significantly higher than in summer (dry season). .

  • A significant correlation was between the levels of Ni in sediments and bio-concentration of Cu, Ni, and Pb in fish tissues.

  • A significant correlation was between the sampling stations and heavy metals in sediments (except Fe and Zn) (p < 0.05).

  • A significant correlation was between the bioaccumulation of Ni in fish tissues and the concentration of Cr in sediments (p < 0.05).

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to the School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University for their financial support and technical collaborations during the study period.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran

    Nima Shiry & Amin Gholamhosseini

  2. Iran Fisheries Organization, Abadan, Khuzestan Province, Iran

    Nima Shiry & Negin Derakhshesh

  3. Iran Fisheries Organization, Dayyer, Bushehr Province, Iran

    Mojtaba Pouladi

  4. Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166, Messina, Italy

    Caterina Faggio

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  1. Nima Shiry
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  2. Negin Derakhshesh
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  3. Amin Gholamhosseini
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Correspondence to Caterina Faggio.

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Shiry, N., Derakhshesh, N., Gholamhosseini, A. et al. Heavy Metal Concentrations in Cynoglossus arel (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) and Sediment in the Chabahar Bay, Iran. Int J Environ Res 15, 773–784 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41742-021-00352-y

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