Abstract
Smoking indoors generally exists in daily life, and highlighting the importance of reducing the hazard from smoke particles to non-smoking occupants is crucial. To quantitatively investigate the flow characteristics in a ventilated room, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method is used to assess the velocity, concentration, and inhalation levels of indoor particles using a manikin with a realistic upper respiratory tract. It realizes smoke particles’ diffusion simulation from room scale to human upper respiratory tract scale. An experiment is also performed to measure PM2.5 concentrations. With the increase of a high air change rate per hour (ACH) from zero to 12.32 and 17.14, the indoor particle concentration reduces by 58.5% and 67.9%, the number of inhaled particles decreases by 22.9% and 43.8%, and the particle concentration around the occupant decreases by 10.3% and 17.5%, respectively. It shows that indoor ventilation has a drastic effect on flow characteristics, particle concentrations, and particle outcomes. ACH of 17.14 is found to significantly reduce the particle concentration around the occupant and decrease the number of smoke particles inhaled and remaining indoors. It indicates that the ventilation equipment can reduce the number of smoke particles in the room. There are still 41.3% and 31.9% particles remaining in the room when the ACH is 12.32 and 17.14, which does harm to human health.
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Data availability
The datasets generated and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
The study was approved by the Human Subjects Review Board of Wuhan University, and the subject provided oral and written informed consent.
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Acknowledgements
The numerical calculations in this paper have been done on the supercomputing system in the Supercomputing Center of Wuhan University.
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Song, Y., Yang, Q., Li, H. et al. Simulation of indoor cigarette smoke particles in a ventilated room. Air Qual Atmos Health 14, 1837–1847 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11869-021-01057-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11869-021-01057-z