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Transcriptome and metabolite analysis related to branch development in two genotypes of Eucalyptus urophylla

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Abstract

Branching in long-lived plants can cause scarring at the base and affect wood density, which greatly inhibits wood yield and quality. Eucalyptus urophylla is one of the most important commercial forest tree species in South China, with diverse branch number and branch angles under different genetic backgrounds. However, the main elements and regulatory mechanisms associated with different branching traits in E. urophylla remain unclear. To identify the factors that may influence branching, the transcriptome and metabolome were performed on the shoot apex (SA), lateral shoot apex (LSA), and stem segment at the 5th axillary bud from the shoot apex (S1) in lines ZQUC14 (A) and LDUD26 (B), with A exhibiting a smaller Ba than B. A total of 307.3 million high-quality clean reads and nine hormones were identified from six libraries. Several differentially expressed regulatory factors were identified between the two genotypes of E. urophylla. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways were enriched in plant hormone signal transduction, plant hormone biosynthesis and their transport pathways. Furthermore, gene expression pattern analysis identified genes that were significantly downregulated or upregulated in S1 relative to the SA and LSA segments, and the plant hormone signal transduction pathway was constructed to explain branching development. This study clarified the main plant hormones and genes underlying branch numbers and angles of E. urophylla, confirmed that ABA and SA could promote a larger branch angle and smaller branch number, while IAA has an opposite function. Numbers of key candidate genes involved in plant hormone signal transduction were found in the positive regulation of branch formation. These novel findings should aid molecular breeding of branching in Eucalyptus.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 31800568 and 31700590), and the Innovation Project for Forestry Science and Technology in Guangdong (2016KJCX002/2019KJCX003).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, Guangdong Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, 510520, China

    Huixiao Yang, Fang Xu, Huanqin Liao, Wen Pan, Weihua Zhang, Bin Xu & Xiaohui Yang

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  1. Huixiao Yang
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  2. Fang Xu
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  4. Wen Pan
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Contributions

HY and XY designed the research. HL, WZ, XC and BX conducted the experiments. The data were analyzed by FX and WP. All authors read and provided helpful discussion, and approved the final version.

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Correspondence to Xiaohui Yang.

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Yang, H., Xu, F., Liao, H. et al. Transcriptome and metabolite analysis related to branch development in two genotypes of Eucalyptus urophylla. Mol Genet Genomics 296, 1071–1083 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00438-021-01803-z

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