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Which resource acquisition acts drive growth of informal firms? Evidence from Zambia

Yee Kwan Tang (Adam Smith Business School, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK)
Victor Konde (Technology and Innovation Section, Technology, Climate Change and Natural Resources Management Division, United Nations Economic Commission for Africa, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia)

Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development

ISSN: 1462-6004

Article publication date: 23 June 2021

Issue publication date: 30 September 2021

230

Abstract

Purpose

The study seeks to differentiate informal firms with high-growth prospects by their resource acquisition acts and to improve identification of growth-oriented informal firms for effective design and targeting of support measures.

Design/methodology/approach

An original set of firm-level data was collected using face-to-face survey in Lusaka, Zambia. Six clearly defined criteria were used to sample informal firms, apart from general informal business. Regression analyses were conducted to test the association of different resource acquisition acts with two growth dimensions: number of employees and business earnings of the 325 informal firms sampled.

Findings

Accessing clientele beyond local market, linking up with formal businesses and acquiring information and knowledge via online sources were found influential to growth in business earnings. Surprising, acquisition of finance and skills showed no effect. Employment expansion, though widely used, may not be a stable indicator of informal firm growth.

Research limitations/implications

The study highlights the relevance of the emerging entrepreneurship perspective to understanding the topic. It cautions against pre-setting a size threshold for sampling informal firms and against relying on employment expansion as the sole proxy of growth.

Practical implications

The findings prompt a rethink of the effectiveness of conventional support programmes to drive growth of informal firms such as funding and training. Directing support measures to target growth-oriented informal firms will lead to creation of decent and sustainable jobs and formalisation.

Originality/value

With an original firm-level dataset, the study challenges a long-held assumption that growth of informal firm is negligible and shows that segments of informal firms are sustainable and could attain significant growth and derives new insights into researching and supporting informal firm growth.

Keywords

Acknowledgements

The survey for this research was partly funded by ESRC Impact Acceleration Account, and by the New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD).

Citation

Tang, Y.K. and Konde, V. (2021), "Which resource acquisition acts drive growth of informal firms? Evidence from Zambia", Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, Vol. 28 No. 6, pp. 888-907. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSBED-11-2020-0420

Publisher

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Emerald Publishing Limited

Copyright © 2021, Emerald Publishing Limited

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