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Radiation crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol/polyvinyl pyrrolidone/acrylic acid hydrogels: swelling, crosslinking and dye adsorption study

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Abstract

Hydrogels were produced from mixtures of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), and acrylic acid (AAc) using γ-radiation at doses of 3, 7, and 10 kGy and the effect of the variation in concentration of AAc within 0%–3% (w/v) on the gelation, swelling, crosslinking, thermal properties, crystallinity, mechanical properties, and surface morphology of the hydrogels were characterized and their adsorptive removal properties for methylene blue (MB) was investigated. The swelling trend was pH-dependent which was dictated by the dominance of two competing factors namely, crosslink density and hydrophilicity. Although thermal analysis showed that the presence of AAc decreased the thermal stability of the hydrogels, SEM images exhibited gradual morphological changes establishing the role of AAc as a crosslinker, and thus increasing the elastic moduli, toughness, and crystallinity of the hydrogels. However, correlation between the characterization results revealed that, in spite of AAc occupying some of the crosslinking sites within PVA–PVP networks, at low concentration (1% w/v), it could not polymerize enough to contribute to the crosslinks. FTIR spectral analysis revealed a possible gelation mechanism along with the points of interaction among the gel-components. MB adsorption capacity of the hydrogels reached a maximum of 117 mg/g following pseudo-second-order kinetics through film diffusion mechanism while the adsorption isotherm resembled most with that of Langmuir.

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Acknowledgements

We hereby acknowledge the Institute of Radiation and Polymer Technology, Atomic Energy Research Establishment (AERE), Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission (BAEC), Dhaka, Bangladesh and also Department of Glass and Ceramic Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Dhaka, Bangladesh, for the tremendous support while doing the research work. Finally, we must declare our special thanks to Dr. Samina Ahmed Institute of Glass and Ceramics Research and Testing, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Bangladesh for giving us the opportunity of collaboration in finalizing our research works. There was no funding for the research work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh

    Md. Saifur Rahaman, Shah Md. Marzuk Hasnine, Tanvir Ahmed, Salma Sultana & Md. Abdul Quaiyum Bhuiyan

  2. Institute of Radiation and Polymer Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh

    Md. Serajum Manir

  3. Department of Chemistry, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh

    Nayeb Ullah

  4. Institute of Electronics, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh

    Sapan Kumar Sen

  5. Department of Glass and Ceramic Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh

    Md. Nazmul Hossain

  6. Institute of Glass and Ceramics Research and Testing, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh

    Md. Sahadat Hossain

  7. Physical Sciences Division, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, E-12/A, Paramanu Bhaban, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh

    Nirmal Chandra Dafader

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  1. Md. Saifur Rahaman
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Rahaman, M.S., Hasnine, S.M.M., Ahmed, T. et al. Radiation crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol/polyvinyl pyrrolidone/acrylic acid hydrogels: swelling, crosslinking and dye adsorption study. Iran Polym J 30, 1101–1116 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13726-021-00949-2

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