Abstract
Concrete-encased concrete-filled steel tube (CECFST) columns and partially encased composite (PEC) beams are both steel-concrete composite members which have outstanding advantages and have been applicated in some engineering constructions. This paper makes an attempt to employ blind bolting technique to assemble CECFST columns to PEC beams. For the purpose of exploring the mechanical performance of this type of assembled joints, firstly, a nonlinear finite element (FE) model was established and validated, where complicated contact interaction was taken into consideration. Plenty of parametric analysis were adopted to find out the effect of ten parameters on strength and initial stiffness of the assembled joint. Numerical analysis showed that mechanic behavior is notably affected by axial load ratio, width and thickness of end-plate, bolt pretension force, bolt diameter, and steel ratio of CECFST column. Full-range analysis was then carried out to observe stress and strain developments and failure modes. Load transfer mechanism in CECFST column was also studied. Design methods to estimate the flexural capacity and initial stiffness of the connections were proposed in accordance with the component models. In comparison, it could be concluded that the calculation results fit well with the analytical results, which confirms that the design formulas could provide a favorable basis in practical design.
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Abbreviations
- A bo :
-
Cross-section area of single blind bolt
- B :
-
Width of steel beam
- d b :
-
Diameter of the blind bolt
- d b :
-
Diameter of blind bolt
- d bh :
-
Diameter of the blind bolt head
- d ′ bh :
-
Diameter of area on the outer surface of steel tube after the load transferred through the steel tube
- d ′bf :
-
Length of the area under compression after the uniform distributed force dispersed across the endplate.
- d c :
-
Distance between center of compression zone and bottom flange of steel beam
- d e :
-
Width of extended end plate
- d r,b :
-
Diameter of longitudinal reinforcement in PEC beam
- d r,c :
-
Diameter of longitudinal reinforcement in CECFST column
- e :
-
Distance between bolt and edge of end plate
- E :
-
Elasticity modulus of steel
- E c :
-
Elastic modulus of outer concrete of the CECFST column
- F bo,bo :
-
Tensile capacity of blind bolt controlled by fracture of the blind bolts
- F bo,cw :
-
Tensile capacity of blind bolt controlled by failure of CECFST column wall
- F bo,ep :
-
Tensile capacity of blind bolt controlled by warpage of extended end plate
- F bo,i :
-
Tension forces of ith row of bolts
- f ′ c :
-
Concrete cylinder compression strength
- f c,b :
-
Compression strength of concrete in beam flanges
- F c,j :
-
Compressive bearing capacity provided by bottom flange of steel beam
- F c,ou :
-
Resistance of outer concrete
- F cu,b :
-
Concrete strength of PEC beam
- f cu,co :
-
Core concrete strength
- F st :
-
Resistance of steel tube
- f y,b :
-
Steel strength of PEC beam
- f y,bo :
-
Yield strength of blind bolts
- f y,bw :
-
Yield strength of steel web
- f y,c :
-
Strength of steel tube
- f y,ep :
-
Steel yield strength of end plate
- f y,rb :
-
Stremgth of longitudinal reinforcement in PEC beam
- f y,rc :
-
Strength of longitudinal reinforcement in CECFST column
- K :
-
Initial stiffness of the composite joint
- K i,FE :
-
Initial stiffness of FEA results
- K i,p :
-
Initial stiffness of predicted results
- M j :
-
Yield moment capacity of joint
- M y,FE :
-
Yield moment resistance of FEA results
- M y,p :
-
Yield moment resistance of predicted results
- P :
-
Horizontal load
- P :
-
Pretension force of blind bolts
- P u :
-
Ultimate strength of the composite joint
- k c,c,ou :
-
Stiffness of outer concrete of CECFST column in compression
- k c,cw :
-
Stiffness of the inner CFST column wall in compression
- k eq :
-
Stiffness of equivalent spring in considering all the basic components in tension
- k ep,i :
-
Stiffness of end plate in bending
- k t,bo,i :
-
Stiffness of blind bolt in tension
- k t,c,ou,i :
-
Stiffness of outer concrete in tension
- k t,st,j :
-
Stiffness of steel tube in tension
- l i :
-
Distance between ith row of bolts and bottom flange of steel beam
- l m :
-
Distance between the center of mth row of bolts and the bottom flange of steel beam
- m e :
-
Distance between bolt and steel beam web
- n :
-
Axial load ratio
- t bw :
-
Thickness of web of steel beam
- t bf :
-
Thickness of steel beam flange
- t c,ou :
-
Thickness of outer concrete of the CECFST column
- t ep :
-
Thickness of end plate
- t st :
-
Thickness of the steel tube
- x ′ b :
-
Width of the area under compression after the uniform distributed force dispersed across the endplate
- x c,bw :
-
Height of compression area
- z eq :
-
Level arm of equivalent spring in considering all the basic components in tension
- α :
-
Steel ratio of CECFST column
- Δ:
-
Horizontal displacement
- ε i :
-
Strain
- γ bo :
-
Reduction factor considering bolts prying force
- σ i :
-
Stress
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Acknowledgments
This work is part of Projects 51478158 and51178156 supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China as well as Project NCET-12-0838 supported by the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University. These financial supports are highly appreciated. The authors thank for the support by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (Grant No. PA2019GDZC0094) and University collaborative innovation project in Anhui Province (Project GXXT-2019-005).
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Wang, J., Hu, Z., Guo, L. et al. Analytical Performance and Design of CECFST Column Assembled to PEC Beam Joint. KSCE J Civ Eng 25, 2567–2586 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-021-1055-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-021-1055-0