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Analysis of anti-obesity and anti-diabetic effects of acacia bark-derived proanthocyanidins in type 2 diabetes model KKAy mice

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Abstract

The acacia bark extract derived from Acacia mearnsii De Wild is rich in proanthocyanidins, whose constituent units are robinetinidol, fisetinidol, catechin, and gallocatechin. In this study, we examined the effect of proanthocyanidins on obesity and diabetes using KKAy mice, a type 2 diabetes model. KKAy mice were fed either a low-fat diet, a high-fat diet, or a high-fat diet mixed with an acacia bark extract, a proanthocyanidins fraction, and other fraction for 7 weeks. Monitoring the changes in the body weight revealed that acacia bark extract and proanthocyanidins fraction could prevent excessive weight gain resulting from a high-fat diet. In addition, increases in the fasting blood glucose level due to high-fat diet intake were found to be suppressed by acacia bark extract and proanthocyanidins fraction. Furthermore, proanthocyanidins derived from acacia bark were found to increase the expression of adiponectin in white adipose tissue, which enhances the action of insulin. In addition, acacia bark-derived proanthocyanidins suppressed gluconeogenesis and fatty acid synthesis in the liver, as well as suppressing the decrease in energy production under pathological conditions in skeletal muscle. In addition, acacia bark-derived proanthocyanidins showed AMPK activation and DPP-4 inhibitory action. Therefore, it was suggested that acacia bark-derived proanthocyanidins lowered fasting blood glucose levels through the above mechanism. These results suggest that proanthocyanidins derived from acacia bark are the active ingredients of the anti-obesity and anti-diabetic effects of acacia bark extract.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Satoshi Kitaoka (Department of clinical pharmacokinetics) for technical assistance. We would like to thank Editage (www.editage.com) for English language editing.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan

    Mayumi Kashiwada, Saho Nakaishi, Ayumi Usuda, Yumi Miyahara, Kenta Katsumoto, Kyoko Katsura, Izumi Terakado, Makiko Jindo, Shihori Nakajima & Wataru Ochiai

  2. Acacia-No-Ki Co., Ltd., 4291-1, Miyauchi, Hatsukaichi-shi, Hiroshima, 738-0034, Japan

    Sosuke Ogawa

  3. Department of Functional Molecule Kinetics, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan

    Kiyoshi Sugiyama

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  1. Mayumi Kashiwada
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Correspondence to Wataru Ochiai.

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Financial interests: W. Ochiai has received research support from Company Acacia-No-Ki Co., Ltd.

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Kashiwada, M., Nakaishi, S., Usuda, A. et al. Analysis of anti-obesity and anti-diabetic effects of acacia bark-derived proanthocyanidins in type 2 diabetes model KKAy mice. J Nat Med 75, 893–906 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11418-021-01537-7

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