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Foraminiferal paleoecology of Sarvak Formation (Cenomanian) in the east of Shiraz, interior Fars, Zagros Basin, Iran

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Abstract

The Sarvak Formation is a thick carbonate sequence of Cenomanian age that has been deposited in a foreland basin across the Zagros Basin. Sarvak Formation is the main petroleum reservoir rock in the Zagros Basin. To study the foraminiferal paleoecology in the Sarvak Formation, the section was selected in the east of Shiraz (Khane Kat section) and 66 samples with a total thickness of 140 m were prepared. Then, these thin sections were studied precisely based on the lithostratigraphy, microfacies, geochemical stratigraphy (chemical XRF analysis), and paleoecology. Besides, the biozones were identified and geochemical changes of elements in each biozone were investigated. Totally, three biozones were identified in which the hyaline tests were abundant in biozone-1 and porcelaneous tests were accumulated in biozones-2 and -3. Based on the study of the foraminifera dispersion pattern, the age of the Sarvak Formation in Khane Kat section was determined as Cenomanian. The results indicated that the various environmental factors affected the test type, test size and the quantitative expansion of the test in the sedimentary basin. Geochemical, microfacies and paleoecology data indicated that the most appropriate and inappropriate condition of life was belonged to wackestone and mudstone facies, respectively. Increase in the ratio of benthic to pelagic (B/P ratios) throughout the section and the enhancement of microfossils with agglutinated tests represented the shallowness of the sedimentary basin and retrogradation of the sedimentary basin from the open marine to the Subtidal and intertidal.

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Acknowledgements

This study was carried out at Islamic Azad University (IAU), Bandar Abbas Branch in Iran (15/11/5/12791). The author would like to acknowledge the authorities of IAU, Bandar Abbas Branch for financial support and for permission to publish this paper.

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  1. Department of Geology, Bandar Abbas Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbas, Iran

    Mohammadsadegh Dehghanian

  2. Department of Geology, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran

    Massih Afghah

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Dehghanian, M., Afghah, M. Foraminiferal paleoecology of Sarvak Formation (Cenomanian) in the east of Shiraz, interior Fars, Zagros Basin, Iran. Carbonates Evaporites 36, 37 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13146-021-00690-0

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