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Diversity of saprotrophic filamentous fungi on Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze (Brazilian pine)

  • Environmental Microbiology - Research Paper
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Abstract

The biodiversity of filamentous fungi and their ecological relationships in the context of decaying Araucaria angustifolia (an endangered conifer) substrates are still mostly unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the diversity of saprotrophic filamentous fungi, based on morphological identification, associated with A. angustifolia, in addition to assessing possible saprobic/plant affinity relationship, and verifying whether the study areas and substrates affect the composition of the mycobiota. A total of 5000 substrates (decaying needles and twigs) were collected during five expeditions (2014/2015) to two areas: São Francisco de Paula National Forest (FLONA-SFP) and São Joaquim National Park (PARNA-SJ), Brazil. A total of 135 species distributed among 85 genera, 40 families, nine classes, 24 orders, three subphyla, and two phyla were identified. One new genus and five new species that were previously described, and six rare species and five species with affinity for A. angustifolia were also recorded. The twigs showed a community of fungi with greater richness and dominance. Conversely, the values of abundance, Simpson’s diversity index, and evenness were lower than those determined for needles. In terms of the study areas, FLONA-SFP showed higher values of richness, abundance, Simpson’s diversity index, and evenness than PARNA-SJ. Principal coordinate analysis and similarity percentage analysis showed the influence of both substrate factors and areas in the composition of the fungal communities. The presence of new, rare, and affinity-related species reinforces the study of fungi in the context of the conservation of this conifer, as these species are threatened by co-extinction.

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All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article and its supplementary information files.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the Postgraduate Program in Botany (PPGBot/UEFS) and ICMBIO for permission to collect samples in the “Floresta Nacional de São Francisco de Paula” and the “Parque Nacional de São Joaquim” (Proc.: 42334-1).

Funding

The authors SSS and LFPG are grateful to the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) for financial support (Proc.: 141475/2013–7 and 303062/2014–2, respectively).

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  1. Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Baiano - Campus Governador Mangabeira, Rua Waldemar Mascarenhas, s/n, Portão (Estrada Velha da Chesf), Governador Mangabeira, Bahia, 44350-000, Brazil

    Silvana Santos da Silva

  2. Departamento de Biociências, Centro de Ciências Agrárias/Campus II, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Rodovia PB-079, Paraíba, 58397-000, Areia, Brazil

    Loise Araujo Costa

  3. Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Av.Transnordestina s/n, Novo Horizonte, Feira de Santana, Bahia, 44036-900, Brazil

    Luís Fernando Pascholati Gusmão

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  1. Silvana Santos da Silva
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Correspondence to Luís Fernando Pascholati Gusmão.

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da Silva, S.S., Costa, L.A. & Gusmão, L.F.P. Diversity of saprotrophic filamentous fungi on Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze (Brazilian pine). Braz J Microbiol 52, 1489–1501 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42770-021-00531-1

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