Abstract
Vertical flow has an important effect on consolidation rate of ultra-soft soil, but the influence law and influence level on the degree of large-strain consolidation have not been quantitatively evaluated. Based on the negative axisymmetric large strain consolidation (NALSC) model, the variation laws of calculation error of consolidation degree ignoring vertical flow with consolidation time and strain are studied under different values of H/re (ratio of soil thickness to influence radius), w0/wL (ratio of initial water content to liquid limit) and kh/kv (ratio of horizontal permeability coefficient to vertical permeability coefficient). Taking 10% as the error threshold, the H/re values ignoring vertical flow are given, and the difference between them in the theories of large-strain and small-strain is discussed. The results show that the effect of vertical flow on degree of stress consolidation (Up) is greater than degree of strain consolidation (Us). The H/re values neglecting the effect of vertical flow on the degree of consolidation in large-strain theory are less than those in small-strain theory. The calculation errors affected by vertical flow decrease with the increase of H/re and kh/kv. Error of Us affected by vertical flow decreases, whereas error of Up increases with the increase of w0/wL. The effect of vertical flow on the degree of consolidation is greater when well resistance is considered.
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Abbreviations
- C*c :
-
Intrinsic compression index
- d e :
-
The diameter of influence
- e :
-
The void ratio
- e 0 :
-
Initial void ratio
- e*100 :
-
Void ratio of clays at σ’ of 100 kPa
- e L :
-
Void ratio at liquid limit
- Error :
-
(Ukv≠0 − Ukv=0)/Ukv≠0, is the calculation error of consolidation degree without vertical flow
- G s :
-
Specific gravity of the solid particles
- H :
-
Initial layer thickness in the Lagrange coordinate system
- H/r e :
-
Ratio of soil thickness to influence radius
- k 1 :
-
Esidual coefficient of negative pressure after vertical attenuation
- k h :
-
Horizontal permeability coefficient in undisturbed zone
- k h/k v :
-
Ratio of horizontal permeability coefficient to vertical permeability coefficient
- k r :
-
The radial permeability coefficient at any point
- k s :
-
Horizontal permeability coefficient in smeared zone
- k v :
-
Vertical permeability coefficient of soil
- L :
-
The thickness of soil layer in spatial vertical coordinate
- m :
-
kh/ks, is the ratio of permeability coefficient of undisturbed zone to smeared zone
- n :
-
re/rw, is drain spacing ratio
- -p 0 :
-
Vacuum pressure
- r e :
-
Radius of influence
- r s :
-
Radius of smeared zone
- r w :
-
Equivalent radius of vertical drain
- s :
-
re/rw, is the smear ratio
- u :
-
Excess pore water pressure at any point
- ū :
-
Average excess pore water pressure at any depth
- u h :
-
Excess pore water pressure in undisturbed zone
- U kv=0 :
-
Consolidation degree considering only radial flow
- U kv≠0 :
-
Consolidation degree considering radial and vertical flow
- U p :
-
Consolidation degree defined by stress
- U s :
-
Consolidation degree defined by strain
- u s :
-
Excess pore water pressure in smeared zone
- w 0/w L :
-
Ratio of initial water content to liquid limit
- z :
-
Spatial vertical coordinates
- γ s :
-
Unit weight of soil
- γ w :
-
Unit weight of water
- ε v :
-
Volume strain of soil
- ξ :
-
Convective coordinate
- σ′:
-
Effective vertical stress
- σ s′:
-
Yield stress of remolded soil
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Acknowledgments
This research was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51608312, 51378118), Excellent Doctor Young Teacher Support Program of Weifang University, Scientific Research Foundation of Weifang University.
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Cao, Y., Ding, J., Zhang, R. et al. Effect of Vertical Flow on Consolidation Degree of Foundation with Vertical Drains in Large-Strain Consolidation Theory. KSCE J Civ Eng 25, 3264–3272 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-021-1558-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-021-1558-8