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The Localized Enhancement of Surface Plasmon Standing Waves Interacting with Single Nanoparticles

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Abstract

Real-time, high-sensitivity, and label-free detection to single nanoparticles has been achieved via visualizing the interaction between surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) and nanoparticles, which is widely applied to chemistry and biology. In this work, aiming to enhance the detection sensitivity to nanoparticles, we explore the interaction of SPP standing waves with single nanoparticles. Compared with SPPs, the inhomogeneous fields of SPP standing waves modulate charge distributions around the particle and excite different electric dipole modes that tailor localized enhancements. For nanoparticles situating at electric antinodes of SPP standing waves, a vertical electric dipole is excited and high-density charges are stimulated around nanoparticle-film nanocavities, leading to further increased localized enhancement. The localized enhancement experiences more increase with smaller particle size, lower particle refractive index, lower dielectric constant of surrounding medium, and lower real part of the metal dielectric constant. Via tailoring the localized enhancement by SPP standing waves, the sensitivity of SPP microscopy can be improved, which would broaden its applications on nanotechnology, biomedicine, and environmental monitoring.

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The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Dr. Wei Xiong from Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences for his useful discussion.

Funding

This works is partly supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China grant numbers 2017YFF0107002, 2018YFC2001100, and 2020YFC2004503; Beijing Natural Science Foundation grant numbers 4192063 and 4182073; Scientific Research Equipment Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences under Grant No. YJKYYQ20190056; Guangzhou Science and Technology Project grant number 201604020005; Guangdong Province Science and Technology Project grant number 2016A040403086; and State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control grant number 18K07ESPCT.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China

    Hongyao Liu, Xuqing Sun, Xue Wang, Fei Wang, Chang Wang, Xiaojuan Sun, Xinchao Lu & Chengjun Huang

  2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Xuqing Sun, Xue Wang, Fei Wang, Chang Wang, Xiaojuan Sun & Chengjun Huang

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  1. Hongyao Liu
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  2. Xuqing Sun
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  5. Chang Wang
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All the authors contributed in the preparation of manuscript. The article has been read and approved for submission by all the authors.

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Correspondence to Xinchao Lu.

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Liu, H., Sun, X., Wang, X. et al. The Localized Enhancement of Surface Plasmon Standing Waves Interacting with Single Nanoparticles. Plasmonics 16, 2109–2116 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11468-021-01470-1

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