Abstract
The performance of the different configurations of AnMBRs is affected by operating parameters including solid retention time (SRT), hydraulic retention time (HRT), organic loading rate (OLR), sludge recycle rate, temperature and wastewater characteristics. Generally, the optimum operating condition is characterized by a longer SRT and HRT, higher OLR at a mesophilic temperature range. These parameters also affect the propensity of membrane fouling which is considered as the major challenge limiting its sustainable use. Hence, these parameters need to be understood and optimized. The common fouling control strategies include sub-critical flux operation, membrane relaxation, backwashing, biogas sparging, sludge recycle and use of coagulants and turbulence promoters are inadequate in fully controlling the fouling process. Hence, new and emerging technologies like enzymatic or bacterial degradation through quorum quenching technology are being explored. Moreover, integration of rotary disks/membrane, attached growth system, dynamic membrane, electrochemical membrane and baffled reactor configurations are introduced as modifications to the conventional AnMBR. Review of these strategies reveal that these novel configurations of AnMBR and the use of quorum quenching technology offer a potential sustainable approach to fouling control, and hence should be explored further.
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Abbreviations
- ABR:
-
Anaerobic baffled reactor
- ABMBR:
-
Anaerobic baffled membrane bioreactor
- AeMBR:
-
Aerobic membrane bioreactor
- AnMBR:
-
Anaerobic membrane bioreactor
- AnDMBR:
-
Anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactor
- AnEMBR:
-
Anaerobic electrochemical membrane bioreactor
- BOD5 :
-
Biological oxygen demand
- CFV:
-
Cross flow velocity
- COD:
-
Chemical oxygen demand
- CNT:
-
Carbon nanontube
- CSTR:
-
Completely stirred tank reactor
- EGSB:
-
Expanded granular sludge blanket
- EPS:
-
Extracellular polymeric substances
- FBR:
-
Fluidized bed reactor
- FSM:
-
Flat sheet membrane
- GAC:
-
Granular activated carbon
- HFM:
-
Hollow fiber membrane
- HRT:
-
Hydraulic retention time
- LMH:
-
Flux (L/h/m2)
- LPM:
-
Liter per minute
- MLSS:
-
Mixed liquor suspended solids
- MLVSS:
-
Mixed liquor volatile suspended solids
- OLR:
-
Organic loading rate
- PAC:
-
Powdered activated carbon
- PVDF:
-
Polyvinylidenefluoride
- RE:
-
Removal efficiency
- SAnMBR:
-
Submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor
- SBR:
-
Sequencing batch reactor
- SMP:
-
Soluble microbial product
- SRT:
-
Solid retention time
- TMP:
-
Transmembrane pressure
- UASB:
-
Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket
- VFA:
-
Volatile fatty acids
- VSS:
-
Volatile suspended solids
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De Vela , R. A review of the factors affecting the performance of anaerobic membrane bioreactor and strategies to control membrane fouling. Rev Environ Sci Biotechnol 20, 607–644 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11157-021-09580-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11157-021-09580-2