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Economic Model Predictive Control of Microgrid Connected Photovoltaic-Diesel Generator backup Energy System Considering Demand side Management

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Abstract

This paper proposes an economic model predictive control (EMPC) of microgrid connected photovoltaic-diesel generator backup system under time of use tariff. This paper enhances the previous open loop optimal control by using a closed-loop system. The main contribution of this paper is to minimize the grid energy cost and the fuel cost while considering the constraints related to the level of fuel in the diesel tank. This control scheme also accommodates the constraints between controllable variables while at the same time satisfying the load demand. The optimal power scheduling is modelled into a control problem to benefit from feedback advantages and predictions. The modelling of the microgrid connected Photovoltaic-Diesel Generator backup energy system is in terms of linear programming framework. In particular, two scenarios are analyzed, the first scenario is carried out by considering the intermittent mode (IM) when blackout occurs from 7:00 to 18:00 hrs, while the second scenario is conducted in intermittent connected mode (ICM) when there is availability of grid energy over 24 hours. The EMPC has shown great benefits in terms of energy efficiency, cost saving as well as daily revenue. The daily energy saving is increased up to 52.1 % while the diesel energy not delivered increases to 84.8 %. With the EMPC approach, the optimal operation control has the benefit of robustly dealing with uncertainties and disturbances.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechatronic Engineering, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Juja, Kenya

    Patrick K. Ndwali, Jackson G. Njiri & Evan M. Wanjiru

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  1. Patrick K. Ndwali
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  2. Jackson G. Njiri
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  3. Evan M. Wanjiru
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Correspondence to Patrick K. Ndwali.

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Ndwali, P.K., Njiri, J.G. & Wanjiru, E.M. Economic Model Predictive Control of Microgrid Connected Photovoltaic-Diesel Generator backup Energy System Considering Demand side Management. J. Electr. Eng. Technol. 16, 2297–2312 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42835-021-00801-w

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