Abstract
Core–shell immobilization of peroxide nanoparticles and horseradish peroxidase can be advantageous for removal of organic contaminants. In the present study, this novel technology was exploited for phenol removal from polluted water in order to prevent phenolic shock for the downstream microbial population. Since hydrogen peroxide production by calcium peroxide nanoparticles could be six times higher than magnesium peroxide (250 and 42 µmol H2O2 /g nanoparticles during a 10-min assay, respectively), calcium peroxide was selected as hydrogen peroxide supplier for further experiments. Regarding the immobilization matrix, diffusion properties, and mechanical strength of chitosan and alginate were compared. The mechanical strength was 3.0 ± 0.9 g for 6% of chitosan and 19.0 ± 3.3 g for 3% of alginate. According to the obtained results, the microcapsule core, embedding 1% w/v nanoparticles, was formed by cross-linking chitosan (6% w/v) with sodium tripolyphosphate. Subsequently, it was uniformly coated with an enzyme-containing alginate layer (3% w/v) cross-linked with calcium chloride. As the enzyme source, commercial horseradish peroxidase and partially purified peroxidase from horseradish roots were compared to evaluate the application of prepared microcapsules for industrial uses. The initial phenol removal rate of the optimized core–shell microcapsules was 0.0687 µmol phenol/h in a volume of reaction and gradually reduced to 50% of initial rate after 15 days in batch and column experiments. These results showed the high capacity of the proposed system for phenol removal from contaminated water streams which could be promising for various applications such as permeable reactive barriers for wastewater treatment or groundwater remediation.
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Abbreviations
- HRP :
-
Horseradish peroxidase
- PRB :
-
Permeable reactive barrier
- ORCs :
-
Oxygen-releasing compounds
- Na-TPP :
-
Sodium tripolyphosphate
- BTEX :
-
Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene
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The authors would like to thank Dr Hamid Mosmeri for his assistance and valuable comments.
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Mirdamadian, S.H., Moghimi, H., Asad, S. et al. Horseradish peroxidase-calcium peroxide core–shell microcapsules as a novel permeable reactive barrier for bioremediation of phenol-contaminated waters. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 19, 3165–3176 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-021-03458-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-021-03458-0