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Novel Self-assembly Coordination Lipid Polymers that Fold into Toroids with DNA-Delivery Potential

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Abstract

Here we present the design of a new amphiphilic n-(4,4′-trimethyldipyridyl)-(1-dodecyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane) copper (II) triflate, assigned as Multiplex 1, that self-organizes in water to form three-dimensional nanoscale toroidal structures with an intrinsic affinity to bind and condense DNA strands. Pressed micelles exhibited a standard particle size of about 26 nm, reported by dynamic light scattering. Using flow cytometry, it was showed that these micelles could transfect a reporter gene pEGFPN1 to HEK 293-T cells. Also, a non-hydrophobic structural equivalent, called 4,4′-trimethyldipyridyl-(1,4,7-triazacyclononane) copper (II) triflate (Multiplex 2) was synthesized and characterized by X-ray crystallography to report the chemical environment all over the copper (II) ion in Multiplex 1. We demonstrate that metal-ion coordination and lipid alkane interdigitation mediate the molecules´ self-assembly and that intracellular conditions reverse this type of supramolecular organization. This work proposes that transition metal-mediated compounds that self-assembly can form cheap complex nanoparticles possessing gene transfection properties.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Dr. Metta for his kind assistance with the crystal structure determination and analysis. We thank Dr. Noveron’s research group for their assistance with training, guidance, chemicals, and equipment. The authors also thank Drs. Aguilera and Valera with the Training, Cytometry, Screening, and Imaging Core Facility at the University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP), which was supported by a Research Center in Minority Institutions program grant 5G12MD007592 to the Border Biomedical Research Center in UTEP from the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, a component of National Institutes of Health.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Circuito Universitario Campus II, C.P. 31109, Chihuahua, Chih., Mexico

    A. Arzola-Rubio, J. Camarillo-Cisneros & L. C. Hinojos-Gallardo

  2. Facultad de Zootecnia y Ecología, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Periférico Francisco R. Almada Km. 1, C.P. 31453, Chihuahua, Chih., Mexico

    C. Arzola-Álvarez & O. Ruiz-Barrera

  3. Tecnológico Nacional de México, Campus Chihuahua II. Ave. de las Industrias #11101, Complejo Industrial, C.P. 31130, Chihuahua, Chih., Mexico

    A. Arzola-Rubio & R. M. Cabral-Lares

  4. United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, Food and Feed Safety Research Unit, College Station, TX, 77845, USA

    R. C. Anderson

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  1. A. Arzola-Rubio
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Arzola-Rubio, A., Arzola-Álvarez, C., Camarillo-Cisneros, J. et al. Novel Self-assembly Coordination Lipid Polymers that Fold into Toroids with DNA-Delivery Potential. J Inorg Organomet Polym 31, 4380–4389 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-021-02044-8

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