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Monckeberg’s Medial Sclerosis as a Cause for Headache and Facial Pain

  • Uncommon and/or Unusual Headaches and Syndromes (J Ailani, Section Editor)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Mönckeberg’s medial sclerosis (MMS) is a chronic, non-inflammatory degenerative condition affecting primarily the tunica media of muscular arteries resulting in their calcification. The purpose of this comprehensive review is to describe MMS as it appears in the literature, in the context of headache and facial pain. Understanding the etiopathology, the associated conditions, and the differential diagnoses is important in managing MMS.

Recent Findings

Management of MMS primarily depends upon identification of its associated conditions and their treatment. Due to the rare incidence and inadequate literature on MMS presenting with headaches, the diagnosis of the pain and the entity itself is challenging.

Summary

MMS is characterized by associated systemic conditions and absence of inflammatory markers. It can mimic giant cell arteritis (GCA) and other pain entities. An interdisciplinary approach involving appropriate specialties is recommended.

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Data Availability

Data including the patient’s history, test results, and clinical notes is available within the article.

References

Papers of particular interest, published recently, have been highlighted as: • Of importance •• Of major importance

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for TMD and Orofacial Pain, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, NJ, USA

    Davis C. Thomas

  2. Believers Church Medical College Hospital, Kerala, India

    Prisly Thomas & Anilkumar Sivan

  3. Diagnostic Sciences, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, NJ, USA

    Priyanka Unnam

  4. St. Gregorious Dental Center, Kerala, India

    Ahana Ajayakumar

  5. Chennai, India

    Sanjana Santhosh Kumar

  6. The Ohio State University College of Dentistry, Columbus, OH, USA

    Priyanka Kodaganallur Pitchumani

  7. Division of Oral Medicine, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, NJ, USA

    Mahnaz Fatahzadeh

  8. Professional Program for International Dentists, University of California Los A ngeles School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Nida-e-Haque Mahmud

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  1. Davis C. Thomas
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Contributions

Davis C. Thomas and Nida-e-Haque Mahmud: first and last authors, respectively, responsible for inception of the project; literature search; major write-up; and supervising the project.

Priyanka Unnam, Sanjana Santhosh Kumar, Ahana Ajayakumar, and Priyanka Kodaganallur Pitchumani: performed literature search; contributed to case work-up and write-up; aided in manuscript type up.

Prisly Thomas and Anilkumar Sivan: responsible for case work-up; management of the patient (treating physicians); literature search; processing and sharing of biopsy and imaging reports.

Mahnaz Fatahzadeh: contributed to case work-up; literature search; analysis of biopsy reports.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Davis C. Thomas.

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Written informed consent was obtained from the patient for the publication of this case report.

Conflict of Interest

Davis C. Thomas, Prisly Thomas, Anilkumar Sivan, Priyanka Unnam, Mahnaz Fatahzadeh, Sanjana Santhosh Kumar, Ahana Ajayakumar, Priyanka Kodaganallur Pitchumani, and Nida-e-Haque Mahmud declare no conflict of interest.

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Thomas, D.C., Thomas, P., Sivan, A. et al. Monckeberg’s Medial Sclerosis as a Cause for Headache and Facial Pain. Curr Pain Headache Rep 25, 50 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11916-021-00965-0

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