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Gauging of Sedimentation in Idukki Reservoir, Kerala (1974–2019), and the Impact of 2018 Kerala Floods on the Reservoir

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Abstract

Reservoir sedimentation is a momentous problem and has severe consequences on water management, flood control and production of energy. As the river flows into the reservoir, the sediments that travel along with it get deposited and thereby reduces the capacity of the reservoir. From this, it is obvious that study of sediment deposition has to be done periodically as it may affect the safety of dams and, without proper management, negatively impact the environment. This study has attempted to find out the amount of sediment deposition in Idukki reservoir, over the years. As the conventional method such as hydrographic survey is non-economical and time-consuming, the satellite remote sensing method is recommended for this analysis. LANDSAT 8 OLI/TIRS satellite images for the period 2017–2019 were used to assess the water spread area using Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), determine the sediment deposition and evaluate the revised capacity of the reservoir. After intensive analysis, a decline of 11.6% was observed between the cumulative capacities of the original base year (1974) and the latest (2019). The loss in live storage capacity between the years 1974 and 2019 was 0.10 km3 which is equivalent to 100 hm3. The study also evaluates the impact of the Kerala Floods 2018 in the Reservoir and also assess the need for desilting.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Ocean Engineering and Underwater Technology, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS), Panangad Road, Madavana, Junction, Kochi, Kerala, 682506, India

    Merin Skariah & C. D. Suriyakala

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  1. Merin Skariah
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  2. C. D. Suriyakala
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Correspondence to Merin Skariah.

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Skariah, M., Suriyakala, C.D. Gauging of Sedimentation in Idukki Reservoir, Kerala (1974–2019), and the Impact of 2018 Kerala Floods on the Reservoir. J Indian Soc Remote Sens 49, 2103–2112 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12524-021-01375-w

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