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Precipitation Behaviors in Ti–2.3 Wt Pct Cu Alloy During Isothermal and Two-Step Aging

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Abstract

Time evolution of precipitates related to age-hardening in Ti–2.3 wt pct Cu alloys was investigated by electron microscopy. In isothermal aging at 723 K, the hardness increases continuously owing to precipitation strengthening, whereas in two-step aging where the aging temperature is switched from 673 K to 873 K after 100 hours, the hardness is found to drastically drop after the aging temperature switches. In isothermal aging, metastable and stable precipitates are independently nucleated, whereas characteristic V-shaped clusters of precipitates are observed during the two-step aging. It is revealed by atomic-scale observations that the V-shaped clusters are composed of metastable and stable precipitates and each type of precipitate has a different orientation relationship with the α phase: \((10\bar3)\)//(0001)α and \([0\bar10]\)//\([11\bar20]_\alpha\) for the metastable, and (201)//\((1\bar103)_\alpha\) and \([0\bar10]\)//\([11\bar20]_\alpha\) for the stable precipitates, respectively. The drop in hardness during two-step aging can be explained by a synergistic effect of decreased precipitation strengthening and solid solution strengthening.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI Grant Number JP18K0134.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga-koen, Kasuga, 816-8580, Japan

    Hiroshi Akamine, Masatoshi Mitsuhara & Minoru Nishida

  2. Electron Microscopy for Materials Science (EMAT), University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium

    Vahid Samaee & Dominique Schryvers

  3. Nippon Steel Corporation, 20-1 Shintomi Futtsu, Chiba, 293-8511, Japan

    Genki Tsukamoto & Tomonori Kunieda

  4. Toho Titanium Co., Ltd, 3-3-5 Chigasaki, Kanagawa, 253-8510, Japan

    Hideki Fujii

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  1. Hiroshi Akamine
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Correspondence to Hiroshi Akamine.

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Manuscript submitted October 13, 2020; accepted March 21, 2021.

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Akamine, H., Mitsuhara, M., Nishida, M. et al. Precipitation Behaviors in Ti–2.3 Wt Pct Cu Alloy During Isothermal and Two-Step Aging. Metall Mater Trans A 52, 2760–2772 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-021-06265-x

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