Abstract
Photostriction is a multiphysics phenomenon comprising of both photovoltaic effect and converse piezoelectric effect. The extensively researched photostrictive material is lead lanthanum zirconate titanate, i.e., Pb0.92La0.08(Zr0.65Ti0.35)0.98O3 (PLZT) ceramic. In contrast to the traditional approaches of improving deflection response, the current study proposes a 0–3 composite model to substantially enhance the effective material properties, which in turn significantly improves the deflection response. A computational framework based on finite element analysis is employed to 0–3 photostrictive composite of PLZT as matrix and Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.35PbTiO3 (PMN-35PT) as the inclusions. The representative volume element (RVE) or unit cell technique is used to incorporate the local variation of constituent properties and to calculate photostrictive properties such as effective elastic, dielectric, piezoelectric, and pyroelectric properties. An opto-electro-thermo-mechanical finite element formulation was engaged to get the actuation response of photostrictive material bonded to cantilever and simply supported beam. The maximum deflection for cantilever beam attached to photostrictive composite patch having 25% inclusions volume fraction in 0–3 composite is found to be 38% more in comparison to pure PLZT material. It is established that the opto-electro-mechanical 0–3 composite actuators possess high potential in lightweight, compact and wireless actuation applications.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Barboni, R., Mannini, A., Fantini, E., Gaudenzi, P.: Optimal placement of PZT actuators for the control of beam dynamics. Smart Mater. Struct. (2000). https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/9/1/312
Bathe, K.-J., Dvorkin, E.N.: A formulation of general shell elements—the use of mixed interpolation of tensorial components. Int. J. Numer. Meth. Eng. (1986). https://doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620220312
Bathe, K.-J.: Finite element procedures. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ (2006)
Benveniste, Y.: The determination of the elastic and electric fields in a piezoelectric inhomogeneity. J. Appl. Phys. (1992). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.351784
Berger, H., Kari, S., Gabbert, U., Rodriguez-Ramos, R., Bravo-Castillero, J., Guinovart-Diaz, R., Sabina, F.J., Maugin, G.A.: Unit cell models of piezoelectric fiber composites for numerical and analytical calculation of effective properties. Smart Mater. Struct. (2006). https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/15/2/026
Bonora, S., Bortolozzo, U., Residori, S., Balu, R., Ashrit, P.V.: Mid-IR to near-IR image conversion by thermally induced optical switching in vanadium dioxide. Opt. Lett. (2010). https://doi.org/10.1364/ol.35.000103
Brody, P.S.: High voltage photovoltaic effect in barium titanate and lead titanate-lead zirconate ceramics. J. Solid State Chem. (1975). https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-4596(75)90305-9
Byer, R.L., Roundy, C.B.: Pyroelectric coefficient direct measurement technique and application to a nsec response time detector. Ferroelectrics (1972). https://doi.org/10.1080/00150197208235326
Chan, H.L.W., Unsworth, J.: Simple model for piezoelectric ceramic/polymer 1–3 composites used in ultrasonic transducer applications. IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control 36(4), 434–441 (1989)
Chee, C.Y.K., Tong, L., Steven, G.P.: A review on the modelling of piezoelectric sensors and actuators incorporated in intelligent structures. J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct. (1998). https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389X9800900101
Chopra, I.: Review of state of art of smart structures and integrated systems. AIAA J. (2002). https://doi.org/10.2514/2.1561
Cook, R.D.: Concepts and Applications of Finite Element Analysis. Wiley, Hoboken (2007)
Crawley, E.F.: Intelligent structures for aerospace: a technology overview and assessment. AIAA J. (1994). https://doi.org/10.2514/3.12161
Dunn, M.L., Wienecke, H.A.: Inclusions and inhomogeneities in transversely isotropic piezoelectric solids. Int. J. Solids Struct. (1997). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7683(96)00209-0
Fukuda, T., Hattori, S., Arai, F., Matsuura, H., Hiramatsu, T., Ikeda, Y., Maekawa, A.: Characteristics of optical actuator-servomechanisms using bimorph optical piezo-electric actuator. Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Robot. Autom. (1993). https://doi.org/10.1109/robot.1993.291890
Gaudenzi, P.: On the electromechanical response of active composite materials with piezoelectric inclusions. Comput. Struct. (1997). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-7949(96)00375-6
Gaudenzi, P., Barboni, R.: Static adjustment of beam deflections by means of induced strain actuators. Smart Mater. Struct. (1999). https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/8/2/015
He, R.B., Zheng, S.J., Wang, H.T.: Independent modal variable structure fuzzy active vibration control of cylindrical thin shells laminated with photostrictive actuators. Shock. Vib. (2013). https://doi.org/10.3233/SAV-130777
He, R., Zheng, S.: Independent modal variable structure fuzzy active vibration control of thin plates laminated with photostrictive actuators. Chin. J. Aeronaut. (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cja.2013.02.012
Ikeda, T., Mamiya, J.I., Yu, Y.: Photomechanics of liquid-crystalline elastomers and other polymers. Angew. Chemie Int. Edit. (2007). https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.200602372
Kiran, R., Kumar, A., Chauhan, V.S., Kumar, R., Vaish, R.: Finite element study on performance of piezoelectric bimorph cantilevers using porous/ceramic 0–3 polymer composites. J. Electron. Mater. 47(1), 233–241 (2018)
Koch, W.T.H., Munser, R., Ruppel, W., Wuerfel, P.: ANOMALOUS PHOTOVOLTAGE IN BaTiO3. Ferroelectrics 13, 305–307 (1975)
Kumar, P., Sharma, S., Thakur, O.P., Prakash, C., Goel, T.C.: Dielectric, piezoelectric and pyroelectric properties of PMN-PT (68:32) system. Ceram. Int. (2004). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2003.07.003
Levassort, F., Pham Thi, M., Hemery, H., Marechal, P., Tran-Huu-Hue, L.P., Lethiecq, M.: Piezoelectric textured ceramics: effective properties and application to ultrasonic transducers. Ultrasonics (2006). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultras.2006.05.016
Li, J.Y., Dunn, M.L.: Variational bounds for the effective moduli of heterogeneous piezoelectric solids. Philos. Mag. A Phys. Conden. Matter Struct. Defects Mech. Prop. (2001). https://doi.org/10.1080/01418610108214327
Li, S.: General unit cells for micromechanical analyses of unidirectional composites. Compos. A Appl. Sci. Manuf. (2001). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-835X(00)00182-2
Liu, B., Tzou, H.S.: Distributed photostrictive actuation and opto-piezothermoelasticity applied to vibration control of plates. J. Vib. Acoust. Trans. ASME. (1998). https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2893923
Magouh, N., Dietze, M., Bakhti, H., Solterbeck, C.-H., Azrar, L., Es-Souni, M.: Finite element analysis and EMA predictions of the dielectric and pyroelectric properties of 0–3 pz59/pvdf-trfe composites with experimental validation. Sens. Actuators A Phys. 310, 112073 (2020)
Main, J.A., Garcia, E., Howard, D.: Optimal placement and sizing of paired piezoactuatorsin beams and plates. Smart Mater. Struct. (1994). https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/3/3/013
Martínez-Ayuso, G., Friswell, M.I., Haddad Khodaparast, H., Roscow, J.I., Bowen, C.R.: Electric field distribution in porous piezoelectric materials during polarization. Acta Mater. (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2019.04.021
Mindlin, R.D.: Equations of high frequency vibrations of thermopiezoelectric crystal plates. Int. J. Solids Struct. (1974). https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7683(74)90047-X
Narayanan, S., Balamurugan, V.: Finite element modelling of piezolaminated smart structures for active vibration control with distributed sensors and actuators. J. Sound Vib. 262(3), 529–562 (2003)
Nelli Silva, E.C., Ono Fonseca, J.S., Kikuchi, N.: Optimal design of periodic piezocomposites. Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng. (1998). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-7825(98)80103-5
Pastor, J.: Homogenization of linear piezoelectric media. Mech. Res. Commun. (1997). https://doi.org/10.1016/s0093-6413(97)00006-2
Pettermann, H.E., Suresh, S.: A comprehensive unit cell model: a study of coupled effects in piezoelectric 1–3 composites. Int. J. Solids Struct. (2000). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7683(99)00224-3
Schnabel, W.: Polymers and Light: Fundamentals and Technical Applications. Wiley-VCH: Weinheim, Germany. (2007). https://doi.org/10.1002/9783527611027
Sharma, S., Kumar, A., Kumar, R., Talha, M., Vaish, R.: Active vibration control of smart structure using poling tuned piezoelectric material. J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct. (2020). https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389X20917456
Shih, H.-R., Tzou, H.S.: Opto-piezothermoelastic constitutive modeling of a new 2-D photostrictive composite plate actuator. Control Vib. Noise New Millen. 61, 1–8 (2000)
Shih, H.R., Smith, R., Tzou, H.S.: Photonic control of cylindrical shells with electro-optic photostrictive actuators. AIAA J. (2004). https://doi.org/10.2514/1.1322
Shih, H.R., Tzou, H.S.: Photostrictive actuators for photonic control of shallow spherical shells. Smart Mater. Struct. (2007). https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/16/5/025
Shih, H.R., Tzou, H.S., Saypuri, M.: Structural vibration control using spatially configured opto-electromechanical actuators. J. Sound Vib. (2005a). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2004.06.013
Shih, H.R., Tzou, H.S., Walters, W.L.: Photonic control of flexible structures—application to a free-floating parabolic membrane shell. Smart Mater. Struct. (2009). https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/18/11/115019
Shih, H.R., Watkins, J., Tzou, H.S.: Displacement control of a beam using photostrictive optical actuators. J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct. (2005b). https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389X05050101
Smith, W.A., Auld, B.A.: Modeling 1–3 composite piezoelectrics: thickness-mode oscillations. IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control (1991). https://doi.org/10.1109/58.67833
Suquet, Pierre M.: Elements of homogenization for inelastic solid mechanics, Homogenization Techniques for Composite Media, pp. 193–278. Springer Verlag, Berlin (1985)
Tzou, H.S., Chou, C.S.: Nonlinear opto-electromechanics and photodeformation of optical actuators. Smart Mater. Struct. (1996). https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/5/2/012
Tzou, H.S., Ye, R.: Piezothermoelasticity and precision control of piezoelectric systems: Theory and finite element analysis. J. Vib. Acoust. Trans. ASME. (1994). https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2930454
Uchiho, K.: New applications of photostrictive ferroics. Mater. Res. Innovations (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/s100190050036
Uchino, K.: Recent topics of ceramic actuators how to develop new ceramic devices. Ferroelectrics (1989). https://doi.org/10.1080/00150198908015745
Uchino, K., Poosanaas, P., Tonooka, K.: Photostrictive actuators - New perspective. Ferroelectrics (2001). https://doi.org/10.1080/00150190108008667
Uchino, K.: Micromechatronics. CRC Press (2019)
Uchino, K., Aizawa, M., Nomura, L.S.: Photostrictive effect in (Pb, La)(Zr, Ti) O3. Ferroelectrics 64(1), 199–208 (1985)
Uchino, K., Miyazawa, Y., Nomura, S.: High-voltage photovoltaic effect in PbTiO3-based ceramics. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. (1982). https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.21.1671
Uršič, H., Vrabelj, M., Fulanovič, L., Bradeško, A., Drnovšek, S., Malič, B.: Specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of the electrocaloric (1–x)Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-xPbTiO3 ceramics between room temperature and 300°C. Informacije MIDEM. 45, 260–265 (2015)
Varadan, V.K., Vinoy, K.J., and Gopalakrishnan, S.: Smart material systems and MEMS: design and development methodologies. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Great Britain (2006). https://doi.org/10.1002/0470093633
Wong, C.K., Wong, Y.W., Shin, F.G.: Effect of interfacial charge on polarization switching of lead zirconate titanate particles in lead zirconate titanate/polyurethane composites. J. Appl. Phys. 92(7), 3974–3978 (2002)
Wongmaneerung, R., Guo, R., Bhalla, A., Yimnirun, R., Ananta, S.: Thermal expansion properties of PMN-PT ceramics. J. Alloys Compd. (2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.07.086
Xia, Z., Zhang, Y., Ellyin, F.: A unified periodical boundary conditions for representative volume elements of composites and applications. Int. J. Solids Struct. (2003). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7683(03)00024-6
Yu, Y., Nakano, M., Ikeda, T.: Directed bending of a polymer film by light. Nature (2003). https://doi.org/10.1038/425145a
Zheng, S., Wang, X., Chen, W.: The formulation of a refined hybrid enhanced assumed strain solid shell element and its application to model smart structures containing distributed piezoelectric sensors/actuators. Smart Mater. Struct. 13(4), N43 (2004)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Singh, D., Sharma, S., Karmakar, S. et al. A finite element computational framework for enhanced photostrictive performance in 0–3 composites. Int J Mech Mater Des 17, 609–632 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10999-021-09550-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10999-021-09550-0