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Dielectric spectroscopy of melt-extruded polypropylene and as-grown carbon nanofiber composites

  • Regular Article - Soft Matter
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Abstract

In this work, different weight contents of as-grown carbon nanofibers (CNFs), produced by chemical vapor deposition, were melt-extruded with polypropylene (PP) and their morphologic, structure and dielectric properties examined. The morphologic analysis reveals that the CNFs are randomly distributed in the form of agglomerates within the PP matrix, whereas the structural results depicted by Raman analysis suggest that the degree of disorder of the as-received CNFs was not affected in the PP/CNF composites. The AC conductivity of PP/CNF composites at room temperature evidenced an insulator–conductor transition in the vicinity of 2 wt.%, corresponding to a remarkable rise of the dielectric permittivity up to \(\sim \) 12 at 400 Hz, with respect to the neat PP (\(\sim \) 2.5). Accordingly, the AC conductivity and dielectric permittivity of PP/CNF 2 wt.% composites were evaluated by using power laws and discussed in the framework of the intercluster polarization model. Finally, the complex impedance and Nyquist plots of the PP/CNF composites are analyzed by using equivalent circuit models, consisting of a constant phase element (CPE). The analysis gathered in here aims at contributing to the better understanding of the enhanced dielectric properties of low-conducting polymer composites filled with carbon nanofibers.

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Acknowledgements

A. J. Paleo gratefully acknowledges support from FCT-Foundation for Science and Technology by the “plurianual” 2020–2023 Project UIDB/00264/2020 and the TSSiPRO-NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000015 funded by the regional operational program NORTE 2020, under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 2C2T – Centre for Textile Science and Technology, University of Minho, Campus de Azurém, 4800-058, Guimarães, Portugal

    A. J. Paleo

  2. Laboratory of Material Physics and Subatomic, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, BP 242, 14000, Kenitra, Morocco

    Z. Samir, N. Aribou, Y. Nioua & M. E. Achour

  3. MEMS – UMinho, University of Minho, Campus of Azurém, 4800-058, Guimarães, Portugal

    M. S. Martins

  4. INL – International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre. Jose Veiga, Braga, Portugal

    M. F. Cerqueira

  5. CFUM – Center of Physics of the University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal

    M. F. Cerqueira

  6. IFIMUP – Departamento de Física e Astronomia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal

    J. Agostinho Moreira

Authors
  1. A. J. Paleo
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  2. Z. Samir
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  3. N. Aribou
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  4. Y. Nioua
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  5. M. S. Martins
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  6. M. F. Cerqueira
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  7. J. Agostinho Moreira
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  8. M. E. Achour
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Contributions

A. J. Paleo processed the polymer composites and planned the whole characterization. The dielectric spectroscopy experiments were made by A. J. Paleo under supervision of J. A. Moreira. M. S. Martins carried out the DC electric analysis. M. F. Cerqueira contributed to the FTIR and Raman analysis. Z. Samir, N. Aribou and Y. Nioua contributed to the AC, dielectric and impedance analysis. The drafting of the manuscript was prepared by A. J. Paleo under main supervision of J. Agostinho Moreira and M. E. Achour.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to A. J. Paleo or M. E. Achour.

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Paleo, A.J., Samir, Z., Aribou, N. et al. Dielectric spectroscopy of melt-extruded polypropylene and as-grown carbon nanofiber composites. Eur. Phys. J. E 44, 73 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1140/epje/s10189-021-00079-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1140/epje/s10189-021-00079-w

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