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Descriptive morphology of early developmental stages of laboratory-reared black sharkminnow Labeo chrysophekadion (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae)

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Abstract

In this study, we describe the morphological development of laboratory-reared black sharkminnow Labeo chrysophekadion larvae and juveniles. The body lengths (BL) were 3.4 ± 0.1 (mean ± SD) mm just after hatching, reached 7.2 ± 0.6 mm by day 11, 13.6 ± 1.7 mm by day 25 and 18.5 ± 2.2 mm by day 40. The onset of feeding was observed on day 3, and all larvae began feeding by day 5 (ca. 5.3 mm BL). The yolk was completely absorbed by ca. 97 hours (day 3) after hatching and notochord flexion was observed on day 5 (ca. 5.3 mm BL). The second maxillary barbel in flexion larvae with > 6.9 mm BL started developing on day 11 and the first barbel in flexion larvae with > 9.0 mm BL on day 16. The body proportions tended to become constant in the juvenile stage except for the maximum body depth that increased continuously. Fin rays started appearing in caudal fin in flexion larvae > 5.3 mm BL followed by dorsal, anal, pectoral and pelvic fins, and aggregate fin-ray numbers attained full complements in specimens > 14.1 mm BL on day 30. Few melanophores were observed on the body during days 0–2, but increased with growth and covered the entire dorsal body surface during the juvenile stage.

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Acknowledgments

We express our sincere gratitude to Masuo Ando, Utsunomiya University, Kazuyuki Matsuo, Shizuoka Professional University of Agriculture, Masayoshi Saito, Yukiyo Yamamoto and Osamu Abe, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, for their helpful coordination of the research activity. Our appreciations also go to the technical staff of the Living Aquatic Resources Research Center, Laos, for their cooperative assistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Fisheries Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, 1-1 Owashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8686, Japan

    Shinsuke M. Morioka

  2. Aquaculture Research Unit, Living Aquatic Resource Research Center, National Agriculture and Forestry Research Institute, Sikeut Village, Sikhotabong District, Vientiane, Lao PDR

    Bounsong Vongvichith, Phonaphet Chantasone & Phoutsamone Phommachan

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  1. Shinsuke M. Morioka
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  2. Bounsong Vongvichith
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  3. Phonaphet Chantasone
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  4. Phoutsamone Phommachan
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Correspondence to Shinsuke M. Morioka.

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Morioka, S.M., Vongvichith, B., Chantasone, P. et al. Descriptive morphology of early developmental stages of laboratory-reared black sharkminnow Labeo chrysophekadion (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae). Ichthyol Res 69, 140–148 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10228-021-00821-6

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