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Dynamic response estimation for a variable-camber NACA0012 hydrofoil of a flapping-type tidal stream turbine

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Abstract

In this research, a camber changing mechanism feasible for use in a flapping hydrofoil tidal stream turbine is suggested to generate high lift force and subsequently a large flapping angle as a dynamic response. The hydrodynamic characteristics of rigid and variable-camber hydrofoils, which mainly affect the response, were numerically obtained using XFOIL. The flapping responses of the hydrofoils were estimated by a validated nonlinear dynamic model with the hydrodynamic characteristics. The estimated responses of a variable-camber hydrofoil were compared with the measured responses of the rigid hydrofoil from a previous study as well as the estimated responses of a rigid hydrofoil. It was shown from these comparisons that the variable-camber hydrofoil produced a much higher flapping angle amplitude with the same pitch angle relative to that of the rigid wing due to the cambered shape of the former. Moreover, the variable-camber hydrofoil could generate considerable flapping responses compared to experimental data, even when a relative small input pitch angle was applied in the estimation.

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Abbreviations

c :

Chord length of the hydrofoil, m

b :

Span of the hydrofoil, m

xp :

Pitching axis location from the leading edge, c

Ψ :

Flapping angle, °

θ :

Pitch angle, °

l :

Flapping arm length, m

m :

Mass of flapping arm and or hydrofoil, kg

W :

Relative flow velocity, m s−1

V ∞ :

Far field inflow velocity, m s−1

I :

Mass moment of inertia of the hydrofoil including flapping arm around the flapping axis, kg·m2

I g :

Equivalent mass moment of inertia of the gearbox about the driving gear axis, kg·m2

\( \mathop \psi \limits^{.} \) :

Angular speed of the flapping arm, rad s−1

\( \mathop \psi \limits^{{..}} \) :

Angular acceleration of the flapping arm, rad s−1

γ:

Deflection angle of the flow, °

ρ:

Density of water, kg·m−3

CL :

Lift coefficient of the hydrofoil

CD :

Drag coefficient of the hydrofoil

CM :

Moment coefficient of the hydrofoil

V f :

Induced or deflected flow velocity, m s−1

S :

Projected surface area of the hydrofoil m2

C :

Damping coefficient of the transmission system, N m s

L :

Lift force

D :

Drag force

T :

Measure holding torque, N m

M c/4 :

Pitching moment at pitch axis, N m

Re :

Reynolds number

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Research Grant of Jeju National University in 2019.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Major of Mechanical Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea

    Nguyen Le Dang Hai & Jin Hwan Ko

  2. Department of Advanced Technology Fusion, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea

    Hoon Cheol Park

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  1. Nguyen Le Dang Hai
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  2. Hoon Cheol Park
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  3. Jin Hwan Ko
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Correspondence to Jin Hwan Ko.

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Le Dang Hai, N., Park, H.C. & Ko, J.H. Dynamic response estimation for a variable-camber NACA0012 hydrofoil of a flapping-type tidal stream turbine. J Mar Sci Technol 27, 214–225 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00773-021-00827-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00773-021-00827-9

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