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Effects of Ultrasonic Nanocrystal Surface Modification on Mechanical Properties of AISI D2 Steel

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Abstract

This study examines the effects of ultrasonic nanocrystal surface modification (UNSM) on D2 cold-work tool steel materials. Specifically, the effect on surface topology and mechanical properties due to different UNSM conditions is examined. Before UNSM treatment, the substrate is processed via a quenching and tempering (QT) treatment for different values of substrate hardness. We observed surface changes due to UNSM treatments in D2 substrates and examined the correlation between topology changes, roughness, hardness, and tensile properties. The results indicated that hardness increased with the refinement of the substrate surface after UNSM treatment although significant changes based on the number or orientation corresponding to UNSM treatments did not occur. However, hardness increased significantly in non-QT substrates (which initially displayed relatively high elongation). Furthermore, in the substrates, surface roughness was degraded in specimens that underwent two passes of impacts compared with those that underwent a single pass. Conversely, in QT substrates, the double pass increased surface consolidation, and thereby improved surface roughness. Furthermore, tensile strength after UNSM treatment did not exhibit a significant difference irrespective of the number of treatments and orientations, or substrate hardness. However, in the non-QT substrates, variations occurred in the elongation based on the number of treatments and orientations. This can be owing to crack formation and surface roughness changes caused by material pile-up owing to ball tip impacts. Therefore, the UNSM conditions must be appropriately adjusted by considering the initial properties of the substrate before the treatment in conjunction with the properties that should be improved.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Korea Institute for Advancement of Technology (KIAT) through the European International R&D Collaboration (grant number G02P03040000701). Additional supports through the Ministry of SMEs and Startups under grant number G21S283255101 and the Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology (KEIT) under grant number K-G012000875301 are is also gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ocean Advanced Materials Convergence, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan, 49112, Republic of Korea

    Chanjin Kim & Dosik Shim

  2. School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea

    Sanghu Park

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sun Moon University, Asan, 31460, Republic of Korea

    Youngsik Pyoun

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  1. Chanjin Kim
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  2. Sanghu Park
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  3. Youngsik Pyoun
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Correspondence to Dosik Shim.

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Kim, C., Park, S., Pyoun, Y. et al. Effects of Ultrasonic Nanocrystal Surface Modification on Mechanical Properties of AISI D2 Steel. Int. J. Precis. Eng. Manuf. 22, 1271–1284 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12541-021-00536-8

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