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Increasing duration and intensity of nighttime supplemental lighting promotes growth and photosynthesis in young Cymbidium plants

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Abstract

This study was conducted to determine how nighttime supplemental lighting (NSL) duration and light intensity influence the growth and photosynthesis of young Cymbidium plants. Seven-month-old Cymbidium ‘Yang Guifei’ and ‘Wine Shower’ plants were grown under five NSL durations (2, 4, 6, 8, and 16 h) and three NSL light intensities (10, 100, and 200 µmol·m−2·s−1) for 4 months, which provided 16 NSL light integrals ranging from 0 to 11.52 mol·m−2·d−1 including 0 h NSL treatment. The NSL treatments were provided by 100% red LEDs, and CO2 was supplied during the nighttime (16 h) at 800 µmol·mol−1. Pseudobulb diameter, the number of leaves, and biomass accumulation significantly increased with increasing NSL duration and light intensity in both cultivars. These growth characteristics showed increasing trends with increasing NSL light integrals. In particular, pseudobulb diameter increased by 33 and 43% in ‘Yang Guifei’ and ‘Wine Shower,’ respectively, as the NSL light integral increased from 0 to 11.52 mol·m−2·d−1. Relative chlorophyll contents decreased with increasing NSL light intensity in ‘Yang Guifei’. Photosynthetic assimilation rate (An) during NSL was promoted in response to increases of NSL duration and light intensity in both cultivars, implying that the An increased with increasing NSL light integrals. However, in this study, continuous lighting (16 h NSL) limited daytime photosynthesis. Daily An showed a positive correlation with pseudobulb diameter. These results indicated that NSL could accelerate the growth of young Cymbidium plants by inducing nighttime photosynthesis. In this study, considering that continuous NSL could inhibit the daytime photosynthesis, the 8 h NSL with 200 µmol·m−2·s−1 treatment was the most effective for promoting the growth. This finding can be used to maximize the growth rate and shorten the cultivation time in Cymbidium production.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries (IPET) through Advanced Production Technology Development Program, funded by Ministry of Agriculture, Food, and Rural Affairs (MAFRA) (2016-0160).

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Author notes

  1. Jihyun Park, Hyo Beom Lee have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea

    Jihyun Park, Hyo Beom Lee, Seong Kwang An, Ju Hee Lee & Ki Sun Kim

  2. Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea

    Hyo Beom Lee & Ki Sun Kim

Authors
  1. Jihyun Park
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  2. Hyo Beom Lee
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  3. Seong Kwang An
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Contributions

KSK, JP, SKA, JHL, and HBL conceived and designed the study. JP and SKA carried out the experiments. JP, SKA, and HBL analyzed the data. All authors contributed to data interpretation. JP and SKA wrote the manuscript. KSK and HBL improved the manuscript. KSK provided guidance on the whole study. All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Ki Sun Kim.

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Park, J., Lee, H.B., An, S.K. et al. Increasing duration and intensity of nighttime supplemental lighting promotes growth and photosynthesis in young Cymbidium plants. Hortic. Environ. Biotechnol. 62, 679–690 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13580-021-00352-z

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