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Effect of Substrate Microstructure on Thermocapillary Flow and Heat Transfer of Nanofluid Droplet on Heated Wall

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Abstract

In order to reveal the effect of substrate microstructure on heat transfer of nanofluid droplet evaporation, the thermocapillary flow characteristics and heat transfer performance of nanofluid droplet on different substrates are investigated. The two-phase mixture model is used to simulate the nanofluid flow, and three kinds of micro-structured substrates (namely, sawtooth, rectangle, and parabola structures) are considered. The computational results show that micro-structured substrate can affect the temperature and flow field distributions inside the droplet, and the petal structure of isotherm and flow velocity of smooth substrate is larger than that with micro-structured substrates. The average heat flux at droplet surface increases with substrate temperature increasing, the average heat flux with rectangle substrate is larger than smooth substrate, while that of sawtooth and parabola substrate is smaller. With the increase of nanoparticle volume fraction the average heat flux at droplet surface almost increases linearly.

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Abbreviations

a :

Acceleration, m2/s

C p :

Specific heat, J/kgK

C B :

Boltzmann's constant, 1.38066 × 10–23 J/K

D :

Diameter of droplet, m

d p :

Nanoparticle diameter, nm

f :

Friction factor

f drag :

Drag function

g :

Gravitational acceleration, m/s2

h :

Height of microstructure, m

L :

Width of microstructure, m

Ma :

Marangoni number

n :

Normal direction

Nu :

Nusselt number

P :

Pressure, Pa

Pr :

Prandtl number

Pr:

C p μ / λ

Re p :

Nanoparticle Reynolds number

S gen :

Entropy generation (W/m3K)

T :

Fluid temperature, K

T a :

Ambient temperature, K

T w :

Bottom temperature, K

\(\underset{V}{\to }\) :

Velocity vector(m/s)

u :

X-axis velocity component (m/s)

v :

Y-axis velocity component (m/s)

x :

X-axis coordinate (m)

y :

Y-axis coordinate (m)

λ :

Thermal conductivity, W/mK

γ T :

Surface tension temperature coefficient, N/mK

α p :

Nanoparticle volume fraction

μ :

Dynamic viscosity, kg/ms

ρ :

Density, kg/m3

π :

Circumference ratio

\(\Delta T\) :

System temperature difference

\(\varnothing\) :

Variables

ave:

Average value

f:

Base fluid

fr:

Freezing

nf:

Nanofluid

p:

Nanoparticles

w:

Substrate wall

a:

Ambient temperature

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Acknowledgments

The work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51976080), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. B200201036), and the Changzhou science and technology plan (Applied Basic Research) projects (CJ20200069).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hohai University, Changzhou, China

    Yanni Jiang, Faxuan Chi & Xiaoming Zhou

  2. Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

    Qisheng Chen

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  1. Yanni Jiang
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  2. Faxuan Chi
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Correspondence to Xiaoming Zhou.

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Jiang, Y., Chi, F., Chen, Q. et al. Effect of Substrate Microstructure on Thermocapillary Flow and Heat Transfer of Nanofluid Droplet on Heated Wall. Microgravity Sci. Technol. 33, 37 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12217-021-09888-2

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