Abstract
Waste-to-energy treatment is an efficient energy recovery method and an important countermeasure against global warming. The supply of steam from waste treatment plants to industrial sectors presents a higher energy recovery efficiency than traditional waste-to-energy methods. However, its technical potential and economic benefits are not fully understood by policymakers. Furthermore, the regional characteristics and effects of neighboring land use, which affect the heat supply and demand, are not commonly analyzed. Therefore, this study evaluates the spatial steam demand of industries in the Aichi Prefecture by using the steam demand unit value per production shipment and the spatial value of manufactured goods shipments. In addition, this study evaluates the steam supply potential from waste treatment plants to industrial sectors based on the estimated spatial steam demand and the transportable distances. The results show that the steam supply from waste treatment plants to the industries has a great physical potential in Aichi Prefecture. From a cost–benefit perspective, plans considering a 1 km range can be profitable, but the profitability decreases as the distance increases and the no-profitability mesh number increases. To improve the energy recovery efficiency from waste, the location of waste treatment plant should be changed, and the efficiency of steam transport on both supply and demand sides should be increased.
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This work was partially funded by the Environmental Restoration and Conservation Agency of the Environment Research and Technology Development Fund (3-1709). We express our appreciation for this support.
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Appendix
Appendix
1.1 Summary of Japanese references and their description
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We explained Japanese references without “2. Literature Review”. A previous research review summary is explained in “2. Literature Review”.
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(Aichi Prefecture): Industrial statistics and analysis of Aichi Prefecture, Japan.
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(Aichi Prefecture 2009): Waste management plan at the city scale of Aichi Prefecture, Japan.
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(Construction Price Survey Committee 2019): Unit price data of construction in Japan.
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(Fuji Keizai 2017): Energy demand and exhaust heat survey of industries in Japan. We used the steam demand data of industries in Japan.
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(Japan District Heating & Cooling Association 2013): Design unit data of district heating and cooling in Japan.
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(METIJ 2008a): Geographical industrial distribution data of 1 km mesh in Japan, 2008.
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(METIJ 2008b): Industrial sub-subcategory (most detailed industrial category in Japan) data in Japan, 2008.
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(METIJ 2010): Specifications of Manufacturing Statistics Mesh data in Japan.
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(MICJ 2010): Population distribution data in Japan.
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(MICJ 2014): Examples of heat supply projects in Japan. We used the pipe construction price and pipe design parameters.
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(Fujii et al. 2011): Long-term recycle system analysis for paper and plastics. We used the LHV value.
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(MOEJ 1997): Koikika plan to widen the areas covered by a waste treatment plant.
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(MOEJ 2000): Summary of the Japanese circular society act named “Sound Material-Cycle Society.”
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(MOEJ 2010): Survey results of recycling and waste composition in Japan, 2010.
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(MOEJ 2013): Survey results of recycling statistics in Japan, 2013. We used the waste separation rate data.
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(MOEJ 2015): Statistics waste management survey in Japan, 2015.
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(MOEJ 2017): Recycling data for the cities of Japan, 2015.
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(MOEJ 2018a): Manual of energy recovery from waste treatment plants in Japan.
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(MOEJ 2018b): Summary of the Japanese circular society strategy named “Regional Circular and Ecological Sphere.”
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(MOEJ 2019): Summary of the Paris Agreement and long-term strategy in Japan.
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(MOFJ 1965): Useful life of depreciable assets in the Japanese regulation.
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(Masuhara et al. 2019): Correlation between the Eco-Town Policy in Japan and the SDGs’ future city policy.
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(Nippon Shokubai Co. 2010): Heat supply from power plants to industries, such as “Steam net” in Japan.
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(Ohnishi 2019): Steam use from waste treatment plants in industries (questionnaire-based).
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(Maki et al. 2019): Model of waste collection and transportation to waste treatment plants.
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(Tokyo Gas Co., 2019): Gas prices in Japan.
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(Fujita et al. 2007): Promotion of urban-industrial symbiosis by the Japanese government which reduced the environmental burden by improving the industrial structure based on the Eco-Town Policy.
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(Hokkaido Research Organization 2019): Heat supply design research in Hokkaido, Japan.
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Maki, S., Ohnishi, S., Fujii, M. et al. Technical and economic analysis of potential steam supply from waste treatment plants to industries in Aichi Prefecture, Japan. Optim Eng 22, 1755–1782 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11081-021-09637-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11081-021-09637-9