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Residency, home range and tidal habitat use of Green Turtles (Chelonia mydas) in Port Curtis, Australia

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Abstract

To understand habitat requirements of green turtles in an important foraging area subject to both anthropogenic and natural perturbations, we examined residency, home range and habitat use of juvenile, sub-adult and adult green turtles (Chelonia mydas) in Port Curtis, Australia, using passive acoustic telemetry. Acoustic tags were attached to turtles at Pelican Banks (n = 33) and Wiggins Island (n = 16). Between May 2013 and September 2014, tagged turtles were detected > 1.3 million times by 46 acoustic receivers. Data demonstrated variability in residence index and home range size between Pelican Banks and Wiggins Island that was largely attributed to larger body size at Pelican Banks and habitat differences. Tide had a significant influence of movement and habitat use. At Pelican Banks turtles moved into intertidal seagrass beds at high tide and retreated to the channel at low tide. At Wiggins Island, high tide 50% KUD area was more than double low tide area and turtles moved into the mangroves at high tide and retreated to channels at low tide. Diet reflected availability of food resources; seagrass dominated diet at Pelican Banks whereas epiphytic red algae dominated diet at Wiggins Island. There was no evidence of a diurnal shift in home range or habitat use. The use of intertidal areas by both turtles and small recreational craft during high tide at Pelican Banks resulted in increased risk of vessel strike. Unusually short residency at Pelican Banks suggested that animals had either relocated to another foraging area or a combination of recent flooding, port development and reduced seagrass coverage during the period of monitoring resulted in higher emigration rates than previously demonstrated for this species. Acoustic telemetry is a valuable tool for obtaining fine-scale, long- term data on movement and residency of green turtles.

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The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

Elisabetta Morello and Anais Medieu provided valuable assistant in the field. Ian Bell assisted with turtle capture. Steven Edgar assisted with data management. This research was funded by CSIRO’s Gas Industry Social and Environmental Research Alliance (GISERA) program with part of this manuscript previously published in the final report (https://gisera.org.au/publications/tech_reports_papers/GISERA-Final-Marine-Report-An-integrated-study).

Funding

The research leading to these results received funding Gas Industry Social and Environmental Research Alliance (GISERA), a partnership between CSIRO, Commonwealth and state governments and industry established to undertake publicly-reported independent research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, St Lucia, Brisbane, 4067, Australia

    Richard D. Pillans, Gary C. Fry, Michael D. E. Haywood, Wayne Rochester & Russel C. Babcock

  2. CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, 7004, Australia

    Toby Patterson

  3. Department of Environment and Science, Dutton Park, 4152, Australia

    Colin J. Limpus

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Animal ethics

All green turtle capture, handling and tagging were approved by the Queensland Governments Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (DAFF) Animal Ethical Committee, Queensland Australia (Application SA-2012-11-395). The treatment of animals complies with the Queensland Environmental Protection Agency and complied with Australian laws and regulations.

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Pillans, R.D., Fry, G.C., Haywood, M.D.E. et al. Residency, home range and tidal habitat use of Green Turtles (Chelonia mydas) in Port Curtis, Australia. Mar Biol 168, 88 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-021-03898-9

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