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Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and tribological behavior of friction stir processed Al2O3-reinforced AA2024-T351 matrix

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Abstract

In the present work, 2024-T351 Al alloy reinforced with alumina particulates (Al2O3p) was elaborated using friction stir processing (FSP). The effect of solution heat treatment followed by subsequent aging on microstructure, hardness, and tribological behavior is discussed. It was noticed that the hardness of the as-FSPed 2024-T351/Al2O3p was slightly enhanced in comparison to the as-received AA2024-T351 material, whereas the resulting wear resistance was remarkably improved. After heat treatment process, the composite volume increased, and swelling and pores were created at the processed area. The heat treatment caused a degradation in wear resistance compared to as-FSPed composites. The precipitation mechanism changed for AA2024/Al2O3p; reactions occurred at grain boundaries between Al2O3 and Cu or Mg, causing their depletion from the Al matrix. Intriguingly, the precipitation mode in heat-affected zone of the matrix also changed to grain boundary precipitation.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like thank Air Algérie company for providing the Al alloy 2024-T351 sheets. Special thanks to Miss Selma Hanifi and Mr. Walid Bedjaoui of Research Center in Industrial Technologies (CRTI) for their help during SEM and XRD characterization. This work was supported by Direction Générale de la Recherche Scientifique et du Développement Technologique (DGRSDT), Algeria.

Funding

This work was supported by the Algerian general directory of scientific research and technological development (DGRSDT), Algeria.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire d’Etudes et Recherche en Technologie Industrielle, LERTI, University of Saad Dahleb Blida 1, Blida, Algeria

    Adel Haddad, Abdessabour Benamor, Nabil Chiker, Youcef Hadji & Mohamed Hadji

  2. Laboratory of Structures, University of Saad Dahleb Blida 1, Blida, Algeria

    Mustapha Temmar

  3. Research Center in Industrial Technologies CRTI, P.O. Box 64, Cheraga, Algiers, Algeria

    Maamar Hakem, Riad Badji & Mohamed Hadji

  4. Laboratoire des Sciences et Génie des Matériaux, USTHB, Algiers, Algeria

    Said Abdi

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  1. Adel Haddad
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Contributions

Adel Haddad and Abdessabour Benamor were responsible for the experimental work, Nabil Chiker and Youcef Hadji carried out the XRD analysis, Maamar Hakem and Riad Badji were responsible of the SEM analysis, Said Abdi assured tribological testing, and Mustapha Temmar and Mohamed Hadji contributed to making the final draft of the paper. All the authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Adel Haddad.

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Haddad, A., Benamor, A., Chiker, N. et al. Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and tribological behavior of friction stir processed Al2O3-reinforced AA2024-T351 matrix. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 115, 1671–1681 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-021-07237-6

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