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The implementation of virtual reality in digital factory—a comprehensive review

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Abstract

The global trend in manufacturing has shifted from a manufacturing-centric process toward a user-centric process. This has resulted in a shorter lifespan and a high product replacement rate of any consumer product. Germany has introduced the concept of Industry Revolution 4.0 (IR 4.0) to convert manufacturing processes and mechanisms into cyber-physical systems (CPS). Digital factory, being the first step into CPS and IR4.0, is being targeted as the most important evolution of the manufacturing industry. This paper defines digital factories and their differences between other similar domains such as smart factories, CPS, and virtual factories. The requirements and goals of a digital factory are explained in detail to facilitate future digital factory tool developments. Furthermore, the current challenges faced in the implementation of the digital factory are proposed to be approached by adapting an interoperable virtual reality technology. This paper emphasizes the usage of virtual reality (VR) in simulating a digital factory that aids in the decision-making and efficient operation of a manufacturing facility. Furthermore, recommendations gathered from previous studies for developing VR-based digital factory tools are also explained in detail in this paper.

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Funding

This research was funded by the University of Malaya Impact Oriented Interdisciplinary Research Grant Programme, IIRG (Grant no. IIRG001A-19IISS)

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  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Sivadas Chandra Sekaran, Hwa Jen Yap, Siti Nurmaya Musa, Chee Hau Tan & Atikah Aman

  2. Aerospace Malaysia Innovation Centre (AMIC), Asia Aerospace City R&T Centre, German Malaysian Institute, Bangi, Malaysia

    Sivadas Chandra Sekaran & Kan Ern Liew

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  1. Sivadas Chandra Sekaran
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Chandra Sekaran, S., Yap, H.J., Musa, S.N. et al. The implementation of virtual reality in digital factory—a comprehensive review. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 115, 1349–1366 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-021-07240-x

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