Hybrid Cross Coupled Differential Pair and Colpitts Quadrature Digitally Controlled Oscillator Architecture
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Novel Hybrid DCO Architecture
2.1. Negative Conductance Implementation
2.2. Quadrature Signal Generation
2.3. Capacitor Bank
- Coarse tuning capacitors.
- Fine tuning capacitors.
- Delta sigma capacitors.
3. Simulation Results
4. Measurement Results
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Output frequency | 1.5754 GHz |
In-Band Phase noise | <−80 dBc/Hz |
Phase noise at 1 MHz offset from carrier frequency | <−110 dBc/Hz |
Output signal type | Differential and Quadrature |
Oscillator Architecture | Gm-Boosted Colpitts Oscillator | Hybrid Oscillator |
---|---|---|
Minimum bias current (mA) | 1.4 | 0.7 |
Phase noise at 1 MHz (dBc/Hz) | −120 | −120 |
Startup time (ns) | 150 | 25 |
This Work | Ref. [7] | Ref. [9] | Ref. [15] | Ref. [18] | Ref. [19] | Ref. [20] | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Center frequency (GHz) | 1.575 | 2.445 | 2.035 | 1.52 | 1.575 | 1.57 | 5.96 |
Tuning range (%) | 5.1 | 8.5 | 20.5 | 15.8 | 3.2 | 7.2 | 0.51 |
Phase noise at 1 MHz (dBc/Hz) | −116 | −123 | −127 | −120 | −112 | −118.6 | −98 |
Power consumption (mW) | 1.1 | 1.4 | 8.6 | 3.05 | 3.68 | 1.32 | 0.69 |
Supply voltage (V) | 1.5 | 1.1 | 2 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 0.6 | 0.5 |
Type of results | measured | measured | measured | measured | measured | measured | measured |
Output signal type | Differential and Quadrature | Differential | Differential and Quadrature | Differential and Quadrature | Differential and Quadrature | Differential and Quadrature | Differential |
FoM (dBc/Hz) | −179.53 | −189.0 | −183.7 | −179.17 | −170.28 | −184.4 | −180.96 |
Die area (mm2) | 0.23 | 1.764 | 1.38 | 0.4 | - | 0.62 | 0.74 |
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Butryn, I.; Siwiec, K.; Pleskacz, W.A. Hybrid Cross Coupled Differential Pair and Colpitts Quadrature Digitally Controlled Oscillator Architecture. Electronics 2021, 10, 1132. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10101132
Butryn I, Siwiec K, Pleskacz WA. Hybrid Cross Coupled Differential Pair and Colpitts Quadrature Digitally Controlled Oscillator Architecture. Electronics. 2021; 10(10):1132. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10101132
Chicago/Turabian StyleButryn, Igor, Krzysztof Siwiec, and Witold Adam Pleskacz. 2021. "Hybrid Cross Coupled Differential Pair and Colpitts Quadrature Digitally Controlled Oscillator Architecture" Electronics 10, no. 10: 1132. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10101132