Abstract
To promote the harmonious development of human and water resources, the scarcity and ecological value of water resources should be considered in water resource allocation. In this paper, synergetic theory was applied to the process of water resource allocation, and we constructed a synergetic theory-based water resource allocation model by investigating the synergetic principle of each link of water resource allocation. The objective equation was established for determining the optimal comprehensive benefit of the composite system. Multidimensional constraint conditions were constructed from the perspective of the social benefit, economic benefit and ecological benefit of water supply, and balance equations were established. Order parameters were selected for the social, economic and ecological subsystems, and the order degrees of the three subsystems and the synergetic degrees of allocation schemes were calculated by using the fuzzy mathematics method to provide a basis for the recommendation of an optimal scheme. Finally, we proposed a multicycle iterative algorithm to realize the overall objective of “harmonious development between humans and water resources”, which provides an effective calculation tool for water resource synergetic allocation. This model was applied in Jilin, and an optimal scheme was recommended on the basis of a synergetic degree analysis, which shows that the water supply of conventional water sources will be saved by an increase in the reclaimed water supply. In addition, after the implementation of an external diversion project by 2030, the amount of groundwater withdrawal will be gradually reduced, and the water deficit rate will be significantly reduced.
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Acknowledgements
The writers also acknowledge the assistance of anonymous reviewers.
Funding
The work is supported by the Ningxia Key Research and Development Program (Special Talents) (Grant No. 2019BEB04029), the Natural Science Foundation of Ningxia University (Grant No. ZR18018), the Natural Science Foundation of Ningxia (Project approved in 2021), the First-class Discipline Construction Project of Ningxia University (Grant No. NXYLXK2017A03), the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2017YFC0404306), the National Nature Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51709274, 51809143, 51869023), the Training Project for the Top Young Talents in Ningxia (Grant No. 030103030008), and the Research Initiative Fund of Ningxia University.
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by Xiaojing Shen, Xu Wu and Xinmin Xie. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Xiaojing Shen. Software was performed by Xu Wu and Chuanjiang Wei, Editing and visualization were performed by Liqin Li and Jingjing Zhang. All authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript, and authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Shen, X., Wu, X., Xie, X. et al. Synergetic Theory-Based Water Resource Allocation Model. Water Resour Manage 35, 2053–2078 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-021-02766-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-021-02766-x