Abstract
Strong metal–support interactions (SMSIs) are crucial for the preparation of supported metal catalysts. A prevailing view is that the redox feature of the metal oxide support is the driving force behind SMSI construction. Herein we demonstrate CO2-induced SMSIs between irreducible oxide MgO and noble gold nanoparticles, presenting electronic and geometric features that are similar to those of classical SMSIs. The key to these interactions is activating the oxide surface by a reversible reaction, MgO + CO2 ⇆ MgCO3, which leads to migration of the support onto the gold nanoparticles to form thin overlayers. The overlayer is permeable to the reactant molecules, stable under the oxidation conditions and even water tolerant, resulting in sinter-resistant gold nanoparticle catalysts. This investigation provides an approach for the rational design and optimization of supported metal catalysts based on irreducible oxides, and deepens our understanding of the mechanism of SMSI formation.
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The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding authors on reasonable request. Source data are provided with this paper.
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Acknowledgements
This work is supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (grant no. 2018YFD1000806-01), National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant nos. 21822203 and 21932006), Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (grant no. LR18B030002). We thank F. Chen at Zhejiang University for help with TEM characterization, J.-X. Chen at Tilon GRP Technology Limited for help with mass spectrometry characterization, and X. Chu at Jilin Jianzhu University for help with XPS characterization.
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H.W. carried out the catalyst preparation, characterization, and catalytic tests. D.L. and X.F. performed the in situ CO-adsorption DRIFTS experiments. Y.N. and B.Z. performed part of the TEM characterization. L.W. and F.-S.X. planned this study, analysed the data and wrote the manuscript.
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Wang, H., Wang, L., Lin, D. et al. Strong metal–support interactions on gold nanoparticle catalysts achieved through Le Chatelier’s principle. Nat Catal 4, 418–424 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41929-021-00611-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41929-021-00611-3
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