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Distribution characteristics and correlation of heavy metals in soil and total suspended particles of Urumqi City

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Abstract

In this study, soil and total suspended particles samples (TSP) were collected from different soil layers in four functional areas of Urumqi City, Northwest China, and electric heating plate digestion and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) were used to determine the mass fractions and spatial distribution of six heavy metals. The aim was to determine the effects of human activities on the urban soil and atmosphere and provide a theoretical basis for environmental protection and management in Urumqi. The results showed that: (1) The average mass fractions of Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn were 129.24, 42.445, 691.70, 48.705, 31.36, and 126.5 mg kg−1, respectively; the average mass fractions of Cr, Zn, Ni, and Cu exceeded the limit of the national soil standard; the pollution indexes were 1.44, 1.27, 1.22, and 1.21, respectively. (2) The heavy metal contents of surface soils are higher in the industrial, traffic, and cultural and educational areas than in the clean park area; in the vertical section, the heavy metals in the industrial, traffic, and culture and education areas show a weak epimerism, and the soil in the park area shows a good primitivity. (3) The ratios of the highest to lowest concentration of heavy metals in TSP can be ranked as follows: Pb (9.75) > Mn (2) > Ni (1.48) > Cr (1.36) > Cu (1.32) > Zn (1.17). (4) The correlations of heavy metals between the soil and TSP are significant, indicating that dry and wet deposition significantly affect the heavy metal content of the soil.

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Availability of data and materials

The datasets used or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Funding

This study was supported by National Science foundation of China (NSFC), Guarantee Nos.: 31971713 and 31770750); Postdoctoral foundation of China, Guarantee No.: 185789.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Forestry and Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ürümqi, 830052, China

    A. Baidourela, L. Liu, C. Pan, R. Manglike, X. Peng & M. Abudukadeer

  2. College of Resources and Environmental Science, Xinjiang University/Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Uyhgur Autonomous Region, Ürümqi, 830046, China

    K. Zhayimu

Authors
  1. A. Baidourela
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  2. L. Liu
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  3. K. Zhayimu
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  4. C. Pan
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  5. R. Manglike
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  6. X. Peng
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  7. M. Abudukadeer
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Contributions

Aliya Baidourela, Liu Li, and Kahaer Zhayimu developed the idea of the study, participated in its design and coordination and helped to draft the manuscript. Ruxianguli Manglike, Peng Xiaodong, and Meierdang Abudukadeer contributed to the acquisition and interpretation of data. Pan Cunde provided critical review and substantially revised the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to A. Baidourela.

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Editorial responsibility: Tanmoy Karak.

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Baidourela, A., Liu, L., Zhayimu, K. et al. Distribution characteristics and correlation of heavy metals in soil and total suspended particles of Urumqi City. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 19, 4947–4958 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-021-03371-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-021-03371-6

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