Skip to main content
Log in

The role of morphological awareness in the development of reading comprehension in Hebrew-speaking second-graders

  • Published:
Reading and Writing Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The aim of the current study was to examine the role of morphological awareness (MA), in reading comprehension in second grade Hebrew-speaking students (n = 595). Three groups of readers (n = 595), formed according to the change in their derivational-awareness (DA) scores throughout the school year, were examined: Low-DA readers, improved-DA readers who exhibited improvement in their awareness throughout the year, and high-DA readers. Findings show that inflectional and derivational awareness were associated with higher reading comprehension in high-DA readers at both time points, and in improved-DA readers at the end of the year. Among low-DA readers, possessive inflections were correlated to higher scores in reading comprehension, in addition to word recognition and phonological decoding. Results suggest that young readers rely on different reading strategies, corresponding to the level of their MA development. Results are further discussed according to theoretical models.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Adams, M., & Bruce, B. (1982). Background knowledge and reading comprehension. Reader Meets Author: Bridging the Gap, 13, 2–25

    Google Scholar 

  • Apel, K., & Diehm, E. (2014). Morphological awareness intervention with kindergarteners and first and second grade students from low SES homes: A small efficacy study. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 47, 65–75. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022219413509964

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bar-Kochva, I. (2013). What are the underlying skills of silent reading acquisition? A developmental study from kindergarten to the 2nd grade. Reading and Writing: an Interdisciplinary Journal, 26, 1417–1436. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11145-012-9414-3

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Berman, R. A. (1997). Preschool knowledge of language: What five-year-olds know about language structure and language use. In C. Pontecorvo (Ed.), Writing development: An interdisciplinary view. (pp. 61–76). John Benjamins.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Berman, R. A. (2002). Children’s lexical innovations: Developmental perspectives on Hebrew verb structure. In J. Shimron (Ed.), Language processing and acquisition in languages of Semitic, root-based morphology. (pp. 243–291). John Benjamins.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carlisle, J. F. (1995). Morphological awareness and early reading achievement. In L. B. Feldman (Ed.), Morphological aspects of language processing. (pp. 189–209). Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carlisle, J. F. (1998). Knowledge of derivational morphology and spelling ability in fourth, sixth, and eighth graders. Applied Psycholinguistics: Psychological and Linguistic Studies across Languages and Learners, 9, 247–266. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0142716400007839

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carlisle, J. F. (2010). Effects of instruction in morphological awareness on literacy achievement: An integrative review. Reading Research Quarterly, 45, 464–487. https://doi.org/10.1598/RRQ.45.4.5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carlisle, J. F., & Fleming, J. (2003). Lexical processing of morphologically complex words in the elementary years. Scientific Studies of Reading, 7, 239–253. https://doi.org/10.1207/S1532799XSSR0703_3

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Colé, P., Cavalli, E., Duncan, L. G., Theurel, A., Gentaz, E., Sprenger-Charolles, L., & El-Ahmadi, A. (2018). What is the influence of morphological knowledge in the early stages of reading acquisition among low SES children? A graphical modeling approach. Frontiers in Psychology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00547

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dawson, N., Rastle, K., & Ricketts, J. (2018). Morphological effects in visual word recognition: Children, adolescents, and adults. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 44, 645–654. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000485

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Deacon, S. H., & Kieffer, M. (2018). Understanding how syntactic awareness contributes to reading comprehension: Evidence from mediation and longitudinal models. Journal of Educational Psychology, 110(1), 72–86. https://doi.org/10.1037/edu0000198

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Desrochers, A., Manolitsis, G., Gaudreau, P., & Georgiou, G. (2018). Early contribution of morphological awareness to literacy skills across languages varying in orthographic consistency. Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 31, 1695–1719. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11145-017-9772-y

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Frost, R. (2012). Towards a universal model of reading. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 35(5), 263–279. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X11001841

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goodwin, A. P., Petscher, Y., Carlisle, J. F., & Mitchell, A. M. (2017). Exploring the dimensionality of morphological knowledge for adolescent readers. Journal of Research in Reading, 40(1), 91–117. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9817.12064

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goodwin, A., Petscher, Y., & Tock, J. (2019). Adolescent language: Models, assessment, and links to reading. EdArXiv Preprints. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.35542/osf.io/pf5y8.

  • Horowitz-Kraus, T., Cicchino, N., Amiel, M., Holland, S. K., & Breznitz, Z. (2014). Reading improvement in English-and Hebrew-speaking children with reading difficulties after reading acceleration training. Annals of Dyslexia, 64(3), 183–201. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11881-014-0093-4

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kirby, J. R., Deacon, S. H., Bowers, P. N., Izenberg, L., Wade-Woolley, L., & Parrila, R. (2012). Children’s morphological awareness and reading ability. Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 25, 389–410. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11145-010-9276-5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kuo, L., & Anderson, R. C. (2006). Morphological awareness and learning to read: A cross-language perspective. Educational Psychologist, 41, 161–180. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15326985ep4103_3

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Levin, I., Ravid, D., & Rapaport, S. (2001). Morphology and spelling among Hebrew-speaking children: From kindergarten to first grade. Journal of Child language, 28(3), 741.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marcolini, S., Traficante, D., Zoccolotti, P., & Burani, C. (2011). Word frequency modulates morpheme-based reading in poor and skilled Italian readers. Applied Psycholinguistics, 32, 513–532. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0142716411000191

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Manolitsis, G., Grigorakis, I., & Georgiou, G. K. (2017). The longitudinal contribution of early morphological awareness skills to reading fluency and comprehension in Greek. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 1793. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01793

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Manolitsis, G., Georgiou, G. K., Inoue, T., & Parrila, R. (2019). Are morphological awareness and literacy skills reciprocally related? Evidence from a cross-linguistic study. Journal of Educational Psychology, 111, 1362–1381. https://doi.org/10.1037/edu0000354

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nagy, W. E., Berninger, V. W., & Abbott, R. C. (2006). Contribution of morphology beyond phonology to literacy outcomes of upper elementary and middle-school students. Journal of Educational Psychology, 98, 134–147. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.98.1.134

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nagy, W. E., Carlisle, J. F., & Goodwin, A. P. (2014). Morphological knowledge and literacy acquisition. Journal of learning disabilities, 47(1), 3–12.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nevo, E., Brande, S., & Shaul, S. (2016). The effects of two different reading acceleration training programs on improving reading skills of second graders. Reading Psychology, 37, 533–546. https://doi.org/10.1080/02702711.2015.1066911

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nunes, T., & Bryant, P. (2011). Morphemic approaches for reading words. In P. Vadasy & R. O’Connor (Eds.), Handbook of reading interventions. (pp. 88–112). Guilford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Perfetti, P. C. (2007). Reading ability: Lexical quality to comprehension. Scientific Studies of Reading, 11, 357–383. https://doi.org/10.1080/10888430701530730

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ravid, D. (1995). Language change in child and adult Hebrew: A psycholinguistic perspective. Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ravid, D. (2001). Learning to spell in Hebrew: Phonological and morphological factors. Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 14, 459–485. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011192806656

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ravid, D. (2002). A developmental perspective on root perception in Hebrew and Palestinian Arabic. In J. Shimron (Ed.), Language processing and acquisition in languages of Semitic, root-based morphology. (pp. 293–319). Benjamins.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ravid, D. (2006). Word-level morphology: A psycholinguistic perspective on linear formation in Hebrew nominals. Morphology, 16, 127–148. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11525-006-0006-2

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ravid, D., & Bar-On, A. (2001). The Semitic root in language acquisition. GALA (Generative Approaches to Language Acquisition), 2001 Proceedings. University of Lisbon, Portugal

  • Ravid, D., Dressler, W. U., Nir-Sagiv, B., Korecky-Kröll, K., Souman, A., Rehfeldt, K., & Gillis, S. (2008). Core morphology in child directed speech: Crosslinguistic corpus analyses of noun plurals. TILAR Series, 6, 25–60

    Google Scholar 

  • Ravid, D., & Malenky, D. (2001). Awareness of linear and nonlinear morphology in Hebrew: A developmental study. First Language, 21, 25–56. https://doi.org/10.1177/014272370102106102

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ravid, D., & Schiff, R. (2006). Roots and patterns in Hebrew language development: Evidence from written morphology analogies. Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 19, 789–818. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11145-006-9004-3

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saiegh-Haddad, E., & Henkin-Roitfarb, R. (2014). The structure of Arabic language and orthography. Handbook of Arabic Literacy. (pp. 3–28). Dordrecht: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8545-7_1

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Schiff, R., Ravid, D., & Levy-Shimon, S. (2011). Children’s command of plural and possessive marking on Hebrew nouns: A comparison of obligatory versus optional inflections. Journal of Child Language, 38, 433–454. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0305000909990547

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schwarzwald, O. R. (2011). 24. Modern Hebrew. In The Semitic Languages (pp. 523–536). De Gruyter Mouton.

  • Share, D. L. (2018). 21 Foundations for a universal model of learning to read. Handbook of Communication Disorders: Theoretical, Empirical, and Applied Linguistic Perspectives, 15, 437–459

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shatil, E., Nevo, B., & Breznitz, Z. (2007). Elul test. A standardized diagnostic test for learning disabilities. University of Haifa.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shimron, J. (2006). Reading Hebrew; The language and the psychology of reading it. Routledge Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Seymour, P. H. K. (2006). A theoretical framework for beginning reading in different orthographies. In R. M. Joshi & P. G. Aaron (Eds.), Handbook of Orthography and Literacy. (pp. 441–462). Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Velan, H., Frost, R., Deutsch, A., & Plaut, D. C. (2005). The processing of root morphemes in Hebrew: Contrasting localist and distributed accounts. Language and Cognitive Processes, 20, 169–206. https://doi.org/10.1080/01690960444000214

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vaknin-Nusbaum, V., Sarid, M., & Shimron, J. (2016a). Morphological awareness and reading in second and fifth grade: evidence from Hebrew. Reading and Writing, 29(2), 229–244.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vaknin-Nusbaum, V., Sarid, M., Raveh, M., & Nevo, E. (2016b). The contribution of morphological awareness to reading comprehension in early stages of reading. Reading and Writing, 29(9), 1915–1934.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vaknin-Nusbaum, V. (2018). Morphological awareness and reading abilities in second-and third-grade Hebrew readers. Applied Psycholinguistics, 39(5), 989–1009.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vaknin-Nusbaum, V., & Saiegh-Haddad, E. (2020). The contribution of morphological awareness to reading comprehension in Arabic-speaking second graders. Reading and Writing, 33(10), 2413–2436.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vaknin-Nusbaum, V. (2021). Morphological Awareness: A Tool to Promote Reading Fluency and Accuracy in Hebrew in Students with Reading Disabilities. Learning Disabilities Research & Practice, 36(1), 26–39. https://doi.org/10.1111/ldrp.12236.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Verhoeven, L., & Perfetti, C. A. (2011). Morphological processing in reading acquisition: A cross-linguistic perspective. Applied Psycholinguistics, 32, 457–466. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0142716411000154

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wolf, M. (2008). Proust and the squid: The story and science of the reading brain. Harper Perennial.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wolter, J. A., & Dilworth, V. (2014). The effects of a multilinguistic morphological awareness approach for improving language and literacy. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 47, 76–85. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022219413509972

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ziegler, J. C., & Goswami, U. (2005). Reading acquisition, developmental dyslexia, and skilled reading across languages: a psycholinguistic grain size theory. Psychological Bulletin, 131, 3–29. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.131.1.3

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Vered Vaknin-Nusbaum.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Vaknin-Nusbaum, V., Sarid, M. The role of morphological awareness in the development of reading comprehension in Hebrew-speaking second-graders. Read Writ 34, 2645–2671 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11145-021-10162-5

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11145-021-10162-5

Keywords

Navigation