Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Design and numerical analysis of Zeonex-based photonic crystal fiber for application in different types of communication networks

  • Published:
Journal of Computational Electronics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A photonic crystal fiber (O-PCF) with a novel structure consisting of five octagonal-shaped layers of circular air holes in the cladding region and two elliptical air holes in the core region is presented for application in different communication fields for terahertz (THz) wave propagation. The O-PCF fiber is investigated using perfectly matched layers by applying the finite element method. Based on the results of the simulations, the proposed O-PCF fiber shows a low effective material loss of 0.0162 cm−1, a higher effective area of 5.88 × 10–8 m2, a core power fraction of 80%, a scattering loss of 1.22 × 10–10 dB/km, and a confinement loss of 3.33 × 10–14 dB/m in the target region of 1 terahertz (THz). Due to its excellent characteristics, the proposed O-PCF fiber offers excellent transmission characteristic across a broad band of the terahertz region. Moreover, the suggested O-PCF fiber will be ideal for use in the terahertz (THz) region for different kinds of optical communication and biomedical applications.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Wang, K.: Metal wires for terahertz wave guiding. Nature 432, 376–379 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Vera, E.R., Restrepo, J.U., Durango, C.J., Cardona, J.M., Cardona, N.G.: Design of low loss and highly birefringent porous core photonic crystal fiber and its application to terahertz polarization beam splitter. IEEE Photon. J. 10(4), 1–13 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Ho, L., Pepper, M., Taday, P.: Terahertz spectroscopy: Signatures and fingerprints. Nat. Photon. 2(9), 541 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Rana, S., Rakin, A.S., Hasan, M.R., Reza, M.S., Leonhardt, R.: Low loss and flat dispersion kagome photonic crystal fiber in the terahertz regime. Opt. Commun. 410, 452–456 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Hossain, M.S., Shuvo, S., Hossain, M.M.: Design of a chemical sensing circular photonic crystal fiber with high relative sensitivity and low confinement loss for terahertz (THz) regime. Optik Int. J. Light Electron Opt. 222, 165359 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2020.165359(2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Zhou, J., Zheng, Y.: Fiber refractive index sensor with lateral-offset micro-hole fabricated by femtosecond laser. Optik 185, 1–7 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2019.03.094(2019). ISSN 0030-4026

  7. Ramanujam, N.R, Joseph Wilson, K.S., Mahalakshmi, Taya, S.A.: Analysis of photonic band gap in photonic crystal with epsilon negative and double negative materials. Optik 183, 203–210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2019.02.066(2019). ISSN 0030–4026

  8. Jin, Y.S., Kim, G.J., Jeon, S.G.: Terahertz dielectric properties of polymers. J. Korean Phys. Soc. 49(2), 513–517 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Ilatikhameneh, H., Ameen, T., Chen, F., Sahasrabudhe, H., Klimeck, G., Rahman, R.: Dramatic impact of dimensionality on the electrostatics of P-N junctions and its sensing and switching applications. IEEE Trans. Nanotechnol. (2018). https://doi.org/10.1109/TNANO.2018.2799960

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Chen, L.J., Chen, H.W., Kao, T.F., Lu, J.Y., Sun, C.K.: Low-loss subwavelength plastic fiber for terahertz waveguiding. Opt. Lett. 31(3), 308–310 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Islam, M.S., Sultana, J., Dorraki, M., Atai, J., Islam, M.R., Dinovitser, A., Abbott, D.: Low loss and low dispersion hybrid core photonic crystal fiber for terahertz propagation. Photon. Netw. Commun. 35(3), 364–373 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Kaijage, S.F., Ouyang, Z., Jin, X.: Porous-core photonic crystal fiber for low loss terahertz wave guiding. IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 25(15), 1454–1457 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Ahmen, K., Paul, B.K., Chowdhury, S., Sen, S., Islam, M.I., Islam, M.S.: Design of a single mode photonic Crystal fiber with ultra-low material loss and large effective mode area in THz regime. IET Optoelectron. 11(6), 265–271 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Hasanuzzaman, G.K.M., Habib, M.S., Razzak, S.A., Hossain, M.A., Namihira, Y.: Low loss single-mode porous-core kagome photonic crystal fiber for THz wave guidance. J. Lightwave Technol. 33(19), 4027–4031 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Rahman, M.M., Mou, F.A., Bhuiyan, M.I.H., Islam, M.R.: Extremely low effective material loss of air core photonic crystal fiber for THz guidance. In: IEEE Region 10 Symposium (TENSYMP), Kolkata, India, pp. 716–720 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1109/TENSYMP46218.2019.8971297

  16. Gangwar, R.K., Singh, V.K.: Study of highly birefringence dispersion shifted photonic crystal fiber with asymmetrical cladding. Optic 127(24), 11854–11859 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Hasan, M.R., Akter, S., Khatun, T., Rifat, A.A., Anower, M.S.: Dual-hole unit-based kagome lattice microstructure fiber for low-loss and highly birefringent terahertz guidance. Opt. Eng. 56(4), 043108 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Lee, Y.S., Lee, C.G., Jung, Y., Oh, M.K., Kim, S.: Highly Birefringent and dispersion compensating photonic crystal fiber based on double line defect core. J. Opt. Soc. Korea 20(5), 567–574 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Islam, R., Rana, S., Ahmad, R., Kaijage, S.F.: Bend-insensitive and low-loss porous core spiral terahertz fiber. IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 27(21), 2242–2245 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2015.2457941

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Hasan, M.R., Islam, M.A., Anower, M.S., Razzak, S.M.A.: Low-loss and bend-insensitive terahertz fiber using a rhombic-shaped core. Appl. Opt. 55, 8441–8447 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Islam, M.S., Rana, S., Islam, M.R., Faisal, M., Rahman, H., Sultana, J.: Porous core photonic crystal fiber for ultra-low material loss in THz regime. IET Commun. 10(16), 2179–2183 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Rana, S., Rakin, A.S., Hasan, M.R., Reza, M.S., Leonhardt, R., Abbott, D., Subbaraman, H.: Low loss and flat dispersion Kagome photonic crystal fiber in the terahertz regime. Opt. Commun. 410, 452–456 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Sultana, J., Islam, M.S., Faisal, M., Islam, M.R., Ng, B.W.H., Ebendorf-Heidepriem, H., Abbott, D.: Highly birefringent elliptical core photonic crystal fiber for terahertz application. Opt. Commun. 407, 92–96 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Shuvo, S., Shafi, M.A., Sikder, A.S., Hossain, M.D.S., Azad, M.M.: Zeonex based decagonal photonic crystal fiber (D-PCF) in the terahertz (THz) band for chemical sensing applications. Sens. Bio-Sens. Res. (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbsr.2020.100393

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Mou, F.A., Rahman, M.M., Mahmud, A.A., Bhuiyan, M.I.H., Islam, M.R.: Design and characterization of a low loss polarization maintaining photonic crystal fiber for THz regime. In: IEEE International Conference on Telecommunications and Photonics (2019)

  26. Mou, F.A., Rahman, M.M., Islam, M.R., Bhuiyan, M.I.H.: Development of a photonic crystal fiber for THz wave guidance and environmental pollutants detection. Sens. Bio-Sens. Res. 29, 100346 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Hasan, M.R., Islam, M.A., Anower, M.S., Razzak, S.M.: Low-loss and bend-insensitive terahertz fiber using a rhombic-shaped core. Appl. Opt. 55(30), 8441–8447 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.55.008441

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Hasan, M.R., Islam, M.A., Rifat, A.A.: A single mode porous-core square lattice photonic crystal fiber for THz wave propagation. J. Eur. Opt. Soc. Rapid Publ. 12(1), 15 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41476-016-0017-5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Paul, B.K., Bhuiyan, T., Abdulrazak, L.F., Sarker, K., Hassan, M.M., Shariful, S., Ahmed, K.: Extremely low loss optical waveguide for terahertz pulse guidance. Res. Phys. 15, 102666 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Islam, R., Habib, M.S., Hasanuzzaman, G.K.M., Rana, S., Sadath, M.A., Markos, C.: A novel low-loss diamond-core porous fiber for polarization maintaining terahertz transmission. IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 28, 1537 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Ahmed, K., Chowdhury, S., Paul, B.K., Islam, M.S., Sen, S., Islam, M.I., et al.: Ultrahigh birefringence, ultralow material loss porous core single-mode fiber for terahertz wave guidance. Appl. Opt. 56(12), 3477–3483 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.56.003477

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Rana, S., Hasanuzzaman, G.K., Habib, S., Kaijage, S.F., Islam, R.: Proposal for a low loss porous core octagonal photonic crystal fiber for T-ray wave guiding. Opt. Eng. 53(11), 115107–115107 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.OE.53.11.115107

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Islam, M.S., et al.: Zeonex-based asymmetrical terahertz photonic crystal fiber for multichannel communication and polarization maintaining applications. Appl. Opt. 57(4), 666 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Islam, M.S., Sultana, J., Atai, J., Abbott, D., Rana, S., Islam, M.R.: Ultra low loss hybrid core porous fiber for broadband applications. Appl. Opt. 56(9), 1232–1237 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Tang, X., Jiang, Y., Sun, B., Chen, J., Zhu, X., Zhou, P., Wu, D., Shi, Y.: Elliptical hollow fiber with inner silver coating for linearly polarized terahertz transmission. IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 25(4), 331–334 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. El Hamzaoui, H., Ouerdane, Y., Bigot, L., Bouwmans, G., Capoen, B., Boukenter, A., Girard, S., Bouazaoui, M.: Sol-gel derived ionic copper-doped microstructure optical fiber: a potential selective ultraviolet radiation dosimeter. Opt. Express 20(28), 29751–29760 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors did not receive any funding for this research work.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Computing and Information System (CIS), Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

    Md. Selim Hossain

  2. School of Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

    Abu Sayed Sikder

  3. Department of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University (MBSTU), Santosh, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh

    Shuvo Sen

  4. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Khwaja Yunus Ali University, Enayetpur, Sirajganj, 6751, Bangladesh

    Mir Mohammad Azad

Authors
  1. Md. Selim Hossain
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Abu Sayed Sikder
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Shuvo Sen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Mir Mohammad Azad
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Shuvo Sen.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors state that they have no conflicts of interest.

Additional information

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Hossain, M.S., Sikder, A.S., Sen, S. et al. Design and numerical analysis of Zeonex-based photonic crystal fiber for application in different types of communication networks. J Comput Electron 20, 1289–1295 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10825-021-01704-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10825-021-01704-9

Keywords

Search

Navigation