Skip to main content
Log in

Radar Characteristics of Convective Clouds during Transition to the Cumulonimbus Stage in Different Regions of the World

  • ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION, OPTICAL WEATHER, AND CLIMATE
  • Published:
Atmospheric and Oceanic Optics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Radar characteristics of convective clouds during their transition to the cumulonimbus stage are considered for three regions of the world (India, North Caucasus, and northwestern Russia). The cloud depth increases in all the regions; the cloud reflectivity and cloud volumes with high reflectivity increase in Russia; changes in the cloud reflectivity are weak in India.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.

Similar content being viewed by others

REFERENCES

  1. C. Saunders, “Charge separation mechanisms in clouds,” Space Sci Rev. 137, 335–353 (2008).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  2. A. A. Sin’kevich and Yu. A. Dovgalyuk, “Corona discharge in clouds,” Izv. Vyssh. Ucheb. Zaved. Radiofiz. 56 (11-12), 908–919 (2013).

    Google Scholar 

  3. A. A. Sin’kevich and T. V. Kraus, “Effect of crystallizing reagents on convective clouds with the aim of an increase in precipitation,” in Radar Meteorology and Active Impacts (Main Geophysical Observatory, St. Petersburg, 2012), p. 30–49 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  4. M. T. Abshaev, I. I. Burtsev, S. I. Vaksenburg, and G. F. Shevela, Manual on the Use of MRL-4, MRL-5, and MRL-6 Radars in Thunderstorm Protection System (Gidrometeoizdat, Leningrad, 1980) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  5. A. A. Sin’kevich, Yu. P. Mikhailovskii, Yu. A. Dovgalyuk, N. E. Veremei, E. V. Bogdanov, A. Kh. Adzhiev, A. M. Malkarova, and A. M. Abshaev, “Investigations of the development of thunderstorm with hail. Part 1. Cloud development and formation of electric discharges,” Rus. Meteorol. Hydrol. 41 (9), 610–619 (2016).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. A. M. Abshaev, M. T. Abshaev, A. M. Malkarova, and M. V. Barekova, Manual on the Organization and Implementation of Thunderstorm Protection (Pechatnyi dvor, Nal’chik, 2014) [in Russian].

  7. A. Kh. Adzhiev, A. A. Adzhieva, A. M. Abshaev, and N. V. Yurchenko, “Instruments and techniques for synchronous recording of microphysical and electric parameters of convective clouds,” Pribory Tekhnika Eksperimenta, No. 5, 151–152 (2015).

    Google Scholar 

  8. F. Wilcoxon, “Individual comparisons by ranking methods,” Biometr. Bull. 1, 80–83 (1945).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. T. W. Kraus, A. A. Sin’kevich, N. E. Veremey, Yu. A. Dovgalyuk, and V. D. Stepanenko, “Study of the development of an extremely high cumulonimbus cloud (Andhra Pradesh, India, September 28, 2004),” Rus. Meteorol. Hydrol. 32 (1), 19–27 (2007).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. T. V. Prabha, A. Khain, R. S. Maheshkumar, G. Pandithurai, J. R. Kulkarni, M. Konwar, and B. N. Goswami, “Microphysics of premonsoon and monsoon clouds as seen from in situ measurements during the Cloud Aerosol Interaction and Precipitation Enhancement Experiment (CAIPEEX),” J. Atmos. Sci. 68, 1882–1901 (2011).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  11. Bera Sudarsan, “Observations of monsoon convective cloud microphysics over India and role of entrainment-mixing,” J. Geophys. Res.: Atmos. 121 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JD025133

  12. K. V. Beard, “Ice initiation in warm-base convective clouds: An assessment of microphysical mechanisms,” Atmos. Res. 28, 125–152 (1992).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. G. Manohar and A. Kesarkar, “Climatology of thunderstorm activity over the Indian region: II. Spatial distribution,” Mausam 55, 31–40 (2004).

    Google Scholar 

  14. S. Patra and M. Kalapureddy, “Cloud microphysical profile differences pertinent to monsoon phases: Inferences from a cloud radar,” Meteorol. Atmos. Phys. (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00703-019-00666-9

Download references

Funding

The work was financially supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant no. BRIKS_t 18-55-80 020).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to M. L. Toropova.

Ethics declarations

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Additional information

Translated by O. Ponomareva

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Sin’kevich, A.A., Popov, V.B., Abshaev, A.M. et al. Radar Characteristics of Convective Clouds during Transition to the Cumulonimbus Stage in Different Regions of the World. Atmos Ocean Opt 34, 134–139 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1024856021020081

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1024856021020081

Keywords:

Navigation