Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

New Data on the Family Siricidae (Hymenoptera, Symphyta) in Baltic Amber

  • Published:
Paleontological Journal Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The species Xeris dorbnikensis Manukyan sp. n. (Hymenoptera, Siricidae) has been described from the Eocene of Baltic amber. Previously, the family Siricidae was known from this locality only from the find of one species Eoxeris klebsi (Brues, 1926). The data on another siricid species of the genus Xeris are given without specifying the species rank. The faunistic links between the communities from the Eocene Baltic amber and modern Himalayan biota have been revealed. The paleontological history of the family Siricidae has been overviewed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.

Similar content being viewed by others

Notes

  1. Amber is often artificially clarified during processing, by being kept in an inert gas atmosphere for a long time at a temperature above 100˚C and pressure of 0.2–15 atm. After such treatment, the proportions of fossil organisms’ bodies change, vestiture is carbonized, etc. Such artifacts can be misinterpreted when evaluating characters.

REFERENCES

  1. Aleksandrova, G.N. and Zaporozhets, N.I., Palynological characteristics of Upper Cretaceous and Paleogene deposits on the west of the Sambian Peninsula (Kaliningrad region), Part 1, Stratigr. Geol. Correl., 2008, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 295–316.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Archibald, S.B. and Rasnitsyn, A.P., New early Eocene Siricomorpha (Hymenoptera: Symphyta: Pamphiliidae, Siricidae, Cephidae) from the Okanagan Highlands, western North America, Can. Entomol., 2016, vol. 148, pp. 209–228.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Benson, R.B., Studies in Siricidae, especially of Europe and Southern Asia (Hymenoptera, Symphyta), Bull. Entomol. Res., 1943, vol. 34, pp. 27–51.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Brues, C.T., A species of Urocerus from Baltic Amber, Psyche, 1926, vol. 33, pp. 168–169.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Cockerell, T.D.A., Fossil arthropods in the British Museum, Ann. Mag. Natur. Hist., 1920, vol. 5, pp. 273–279.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Cockerell, T.D.A., Some British fossil insects, Can. Entomol., 1921, vol. 53, pp. 22–23.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Engel, M.S., Grimaldi, D., and Krishna, K., Termites (Isoptera): their phylogeny, classification, and rise to ecological dominance, Amer. Mus. Novit., 2009, no. 3650, pp. 1–27.

  8. Frahm, P., Die Laubmoosflora des Baltischen und Bitterfelder Bernsteins, Mitt. Geol.-Paläontol. Staatsinst., 1999, B 83, pp. 219–238.

  9. Fukuda, H. and Hijii, N., Reproductive strategy of a woodwasp with no fungal symbionts, Xeris spectrum (Hymenoptera: Siricidae), Oecologia, 1997, vol. 112, pp. 551–556.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Gauld, H. and Mound, L.A., Homoplasy and the delineation of holophyletic genera in some insect groups, Syst. Entomol., 1982, vol. 7, pp. 73–86.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Goulet, H. and Huber, J.T., Hymenoptera of the World: an Identification Guide to Families. Vol. 4, Ottawa: Agriculture Canada, Res. Br., 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Goulet, H., Boudreault, C., and Schiff, N.M., Revision of the World species of Xeris Costa (Hymenoptera: Siricidae), Can. J. Arthropod Identification, 2015, no. 28, pp. 1–101.

  13. Heraty, J., Ronquist, F., Carpenter, J.M., et al., Evolution of the hymenopteran megaradiation, Mol. Phylog. Evol., 2011, vol. 60, pp. 73–88.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Kirejtshuk, A.G., On the similarities between the Nitidulid faunas from Baltic amber and the Himalayas and mountains of South China (Coleoptera, Nitidulidae), in Abstr. 2nd Int. Symp. on Biodiversität und Naturausstattagung im Himalaya, Erfurt, 2005.

  15. Kirejtshuk, A.G., The Himalayas: The region of relics and the centre of modern diversifications of the biota, on the example of sap beetles (Coleoptera, Nitidulidae), in Rossiiskie gimalaiskie issledovaniya: vchera, segodnya, zavtra. Sborn. nauchn. statei (Coll. Sci. Works “Russian Studies in the Himalayans: Yesterday–Today–Tomorrow”), Borkin, L.Ya, Ed., St. Petersburg: Izd. “Evropeiskii Dom,” 2017, pp. 168–172.

  16. Klopfstein, S., Vilhelmsen, L., Heraty, J.M., et al., The Hymenopteran tree of life: Evidence from protein-coding genes and objectively aligned ribosomal data, PLOS, 2013, vol. 8, e69344.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Königsmann, E., Das phylogenetische system der Hymenoptera. Teil 2 “Symphyta,” Dtsch. Entomol. Z., 1977, vol. 24, pp. 1–40.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Krishna, K., Grimaldi, D., Krishna, V., et al., Treatise on the Isoptera of the world. 2. Basal families, Bull. Amer. Mus. Natur. Hist., 2013, vol. 377, pp. 252–258.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Krogmann, L. and Nel, A., On the edge of parasitoidism, a new Lower Cretaceous woodwasp forming the putative sister group of Xiphydriidae+ Euhymenoptera, Syst. Entomol., 2012, vol. 37, pp. 215–222.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Lutz, H., Eine neue Unterfamilie der Formicidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera) aus dem mittel-eozänen Ölschiefer der “Grube Messel” bei Darmstadt (Deutschland, S-Hessen), Senckenb. Lethaea, 1986, vol. 67, pp. 177–218.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Lutz, H., Systematische und palökologische Untersuchungen an Insekten aus dem Mittel-Eozän der Grube Messel bei Darmstadt, Cour. Forsch.-Inst. Senckenb., 1990, vol. 124, pp. 1–165.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Malm, T. and Nyman, T., Phylogeny of the symphytan grade of Hymenoptera, new pieces into the old jigsaw(fly) puzzle, Cladistics, 2015, vol. 31, pp. 1–17.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Mamaev, B.M., Zoological assessment of the stages of natural destruction of wood, Izv. Akad. Nauk, 1960, no. 4, pp. 610–617.

  24. Mamaev, B.M. and Kravchenko, M.A., Siricid larvae, in Nasekomye-razrushiteli drevesiny v lesnykh biotsenozakh Yuzhnogo Primor’ya (Wood-destroying Insects in Forest Biocenoses of Southern Primorye), Moscow: Nauka, 1973, pp.74–85.

  25. Perkovsky, E.E., Rasnitsyn, A.P., Vlaskin, A.P., et al., A comparative analysis of the Baltic and Rovno amber arthropod faunas: representative samples, Afr. Invertebr., 2007, vol. 48, no. 1, pp. 229–245.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Rajchel, J. and Uchman, A., Insect borings in Oligocene wood, Kliwa sandstones, Outer Carpathians, Poland, Ann. Soc. Geol. Pol., 1998, vol. 68, pp. 219–224.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Rasnitsyn, A.P., Origin and evolution of the lower Hymenoptera insects, in in Trudy Paleontol. Inst. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1969, vol. 123, pp. 1–196.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Rasnitsyn, A.P., Origin and evolution of the Hymenoptera insects, in Trudy Paleontol. Inst. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1980, vol. 174, pp. 1–192.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Rasnitsyn, A.P., An outline of evolution of the hymenopterous insects (order Vespida), Oriental Insects, 1988, vol. 22, pp. 115–145.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Rasnitsyn, A.P., Order Hymenoptera, in Melovye entomofauny basseina r. Ul’i (Zapadnoe Priokhot’e). Mezozoiskie nasekomye i ostrakody Azii (Cretaceous Entomofaunas of the Ulya River Basin (West Okhotsk Region). Mesozoic Insects and Ostracods of Asia), Moscow: Nauka, 1993, pp. 50–57.

  31. Rasnitsyn, A.P., Superorder Vespidea Laicharting, 1781. Order Hymenoptera Linné, 1758, in History of Insects, Rasnitsyn, A.P. and Quicke D.L.J., Eds., Dordrecht: Kluwer Acad. Publ., 2002, pp. 242–254.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  32. Ronquist, F., Klopfstein, S., Vilhelmsen, L., et al., A total evidence approach to dating with fossils, applied to the early radiation of the Hymenoptera, Syst. Biol., 2012, vol. 61, pp. 973–999.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Saini, M.S. and Singh, D., A new genus and a new species of Siricinae (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Siricidae) from India with a revised key to its world genera, Zool. Scripta, 1987, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 177–180.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Schiff, N.M., Goulet, H., Smith, D.R., et al., Siricidae (Hymenoptera: Symphyta: Siricoidea) of the Western Hemisphere, Can. J. Arthropod Identification, 2012, vol. 21.

    Google Scholar 

  35. Schulmeister, S., Review of morphological evidence on the phylogeny of basal hymenoptera (Insecta), with a discussion of the ordering characters, Biol. J. Linn. Soc., 2003, vol. 79, pp. 209–243.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Sharkey, M.J., Carpenter, J.M., Vilhelmsen, L., et al., Phylogenetic relationships among superfamilies of Hymenoptera, Cladistics, 2012, vol. 28, pp. 80–112.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Smith, D.R., A synopsis of the sawflies (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) of America south of the United States: introduction, Xyelidae, Pamphiliidae, Cimbicidae, Diprionidae, Xiphydriidae, Siricidae, Orussidae, Cephidae, Syst. Entomol., 1988, vol. 13, pp. 205–261.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Spradbery, J.P., A comparative study of the phytotoxic effects of siricid woodwasps on conifers, Ann. Appl. Biol., 1973, vol. 75, no. 3, pp. 309–320.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Sundukov, Yu.N. and Lelei, A.S., Subfamily Siricoidea 10. Family Siricidae—siricids, in Annotirovannyi katalog nasekomykh Dal’nego Vostoka Rossii. T. I. Pereponchatokrylye (Annotated Catalogue of the Insects of Russian Far East. Vol. I. Hymenoptera), Vladivostok: Dal’nauka, 2012, pp. 112–113.

  40. Taeger, A., Blank, S.M., and Liston, A.D., World Catalog of Symphyta (Hymenoptera), Zootaxa, 2010, vol. 2580.

  41. Tobias, V.I., Order Hymenoptera—hymenoptera. Introduction, in Opredelitel’ Nasekomykh Evropeiskoi Chasti SSSR. T. III. Pereponchatokrylye. I chast'. Opredeliteli po faune SSSR. Vyp. 119 (Manual for the Identification of Insects of the European USSR. Vol. III. Hymenoptera. Pt. I. Manual for the Identification of Fauna of the USSR. Vol. 119), Leningrad: Nauka, 1978, pp. 7–42.

  42. Wang, M., Rasnitsyn, A.P., Han, G., et al., A new genus and species of basal horntail (Hymenoptera, Siricidae) from the Lower Cretaceous of China, Cret. Res., 2018, vol. 91, pp. 195–201.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Wang, M., Rasnitsyn, A.P., Shih, Ch., et al., New fossils from China elucidating the phylogeny of Praesiricidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera), Syst. Entomol., 2016, vol. 41, pp. 41–55.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Wang, M., Rasnitsyn, A.P., Zhang, H., et al., Revising the systematic position of the extinct family Daohugoidae (basal Hymenoptera), J. Syst. Palaeontol., 2019, vol. 17, no. 14, pp. 1245–1255.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Wedmann, S., First records of fossil tremecine hymenopterans, Palaeontology, 1998, vol. 41, pp. 929–938.

    Google Scholar 

  46. Wedmann, S., Pouillon, J.-M., and Nel, A., New Palaeogene horntail wasps (Hymenoptera, Siricidae) and a discussion of their fossil record, Zootaxa, 2014, vol. 3869, no. 1, pp. 33–43.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We are grateful to A.P. Rasnitsyn (PIN RAS) for his invaluable help in the preparation of the present paper, as well as the collectors S.I. Shishov (Kaliningrad) and V.A. Gusakov (Moscow) for transferring amber samples with inclusions of siricids to the collection of the Kaliningrad Museum of Amber.

Funding

This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project no. 19-05-00207).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Kaliningrad Regional Amber Museum, 236016, Kaliningrad, Russia

    A. R. Manukyan & A. V. Smirnova

Authors
  1. A. R. Manukyan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. A. V. Smirnova
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to A. R. Manukyan or A. V. Smirnova.

Additional information

Translated by D. Voroshchuk

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Manukyan, A.R., Smirnova, A.V. New Data on the Family Siricidae (Hymenoptera, Symphyta) in Baltic Amber. Paleontol. J. 55, 157–165 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1134/S003103012102009X

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S003103012102009X

Keywords:

Search

Navigation