Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

A novel multilayer decision based iterative filter for removal of salt and pepper noise

  • Published:
Multimedia Tools and Applications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this paper a novel decision based iterative filter for the detection and elimination of salt and pepper noise is proposed. Effective decisions based upon the noise density of the image are used to filter out noise while maintaining finer details in an image. A fixed size window is used at each step to maintain maximum correlation throughout the filtering process. Additional pre-edge and post-smoothing processing are also presented to further enhance the quality of image. Rigorous analysis over Kodak benchmark dataset containing 24 natural images indicates an exceptional performance boost for medium to extremely high noise density when compared with state of the art filtering techniques. The proposed filter is tested quantitatively and qualitatively using benchmark parameters including peak signal to noise ratio, image enhancement factor and visual representation. Even at noise density as high as 90% and 95%, the proposed filter outperforms the exiting filters providing better edge detail, less blurring and low streaking effects.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Enginoġlu S, Erkan U, Memiş S (2019) Pixel similarity-based adaptive riesz mean filter for salt-and-pepper noise removal. Multimed Tools Appl 78(24):35401–35418

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Erkan U, Gökrem L, Enginoğlu S (2018) Different applied median filter in salt and pepper noise. Comput Electric Eng 70:789–798

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Esakkirajan S, Veerakumar T, Subramanyam AN, PremChand C (2011) Removal of high density salt and pepper noise through modified decision based unsymmetric trimmed median filter. IEEE Signal Process Lett 18 (5):287–290

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Garg B (2020) Restoration of highly salt-and-pepper-noise-corrupted images using novel adaptive trimmed median filter. Signal Image Vid Process

  5. Garg B (2020) An adaptive minimum-maximum value-based weighted median filter for removing high density salt and pepper noise in medical images. Int J Ad Hoc Ubiquit Comput 35(2):84–95

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Garg B, Arya K (2020) Four stage median-average filter for healing high density salt and pepper noise corrupted images. Multimed Tools Appl 79 (43):32305–32329

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Gonzalez RC, Wood RE (2002) Digital image processing, 2nd edn. Prentice Hall, Hoboken

    Google Scholar 

  8. Hwang H, Haddad RA (1995) Adaptive median filters new algorithms and results. IEEE Trans Image Process 4(4):499–502

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Lu C-T, Chen Y-Y, Wang L-L, Chang C-F (2016) Removal of salt-and-pepper noise in corrupted image using three-values-weighted approach with variable-size window. Pattern Recogn Lett 80:188–199

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Meher SK, Singhawat B (2014) An improved recursive and adaptive median filter for high density impulse noise. AEU-Int J Electron Commun 68 (12):1173–1179

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Selvi AS, Kumar KPM, Dhanasekeran S, Maheswari PU, Ramesh S, Pandi SS (2020) De-noising of images from salt and pepper noise using hybrid filter, fuzzy logic noise detector and genetic optimization algorithm (hfgoa). Multimed Tools Appl 79(5):4115–4131

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Sohi PJS, Sharma N, Garg B, Arya K (2020) Noise density range sensitive mean-median filter for impulse noise removal. In: Innovations in computational intelligence and computer vision. Springer, pp 150–162

  13. Veerakumar T, Esakkirajan S, Vennila I (2014) Recursive cubic spline interpolation filter approach for the removal of high density salt-and-pepper noise. Signal Image Vid Process 8(1):159–168

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Vijaykumar V, Mari GS, Ebenezer D (2014) Fast switching based median–mean filter for high density salt and pepper noise removal. AEU-Int J Electron Commun 68(12):1145–1155

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, India

    Nikhil Sharma, Prateek Jeet Singh Sohi & Bharat Garg

  2. ABV Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management Gwalior, Gwalior, India

    K V Arya

Authors
  1. Nikhil Sharma
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Prateek Jeet Singh Sohi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Bharat Garg
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. K V Arya
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Bharat Garg.

Additional information

Publisher’s note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Sharma, N., Sohi, P.J.S., Garg, B. et al. A novel multilayer decision based iterative filter for removal of salt and pepper noise. Multimed Tools Appl 80, 26531–26545 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-021-10958-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-021-10958-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation